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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 15, 1998, 18(4):1318-1328
Peripheral Axotomy Induces Long-Term c-Jun Amino-Terminal
Kinase-1 Activation and Activator Protein-1 Binding Activity by
c-Jun and junD in Adult Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia In Vivo
Anna Marie
Kenney1, 2, 3 and
Jeffery D.
Kocsis1, 2
1 Department of Neurology,
2 Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, and
3 PVA/EPVA Neuroscience Research Center, Yale University
School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
One of the earliest documented molecular events after sciatic nerve
injury in adult rats is the rapid, long-term upregulation of the
immediate early gene transcription factor c-Jun mRNA and protein in
lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, suggesting that c-Jun may
regulate genes that are important both in the early post-injury period
and during later peripheral axonal regeneration. However, neither the
mechanism through which c-Jun protein is increased nor the level of its
post-injury transcriptional activity in axotomized DRGs has been
characterized. To determine whether transcriptional activation of c-Jun
occurs in response to nerve injury in vivo and is
associated with axonal regeneration, we have assayed axotomized adult
rat DRGs for evidence of jun kinase activation, c-Jun phosphorylation,
and activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding. We report that sciatic nerve
transection resulted in chronic activation of c-Jun amino-terminal
kinase-1 (JNK) in L4/L5 DRGs concomitant with c-Jun amino-terminal
phosphorylation in neurons, and lasting AP-1 binding activity, with
both c-Jun and JunD participating in DNA binding complexes. The timing
of JNK activation was dependent on the distance of the axotomy site
from the DRGs, suggesting the requirement for a retrograde
transport-mediated signal. AP-1 binding and c-Jun protein returned to
basal levels in DRGs as peripheral regeneration was completed but
remained elevated in the case of chronic sprouting, indicating that
c-Jun may regulate target genes that are involved in axonal
outgrowth.
Key words:
AP-1; axotomy; c-Jun; dorsal root ganglion; JNK; phosphorylation; regeneration; sciatic nerve
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/1841318-11$05.00/0
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