 |
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 1998, 18(7):2697-2708
Dopamine Axon Varicosities in the Prelimbic Division of the Rat Prefrontal Cortex Exhibit Sparse Immunoreactivity for the Dopamine Transporter
Susan R. Sesack1, Valerie A. Hawrylak1, Claudia Matus2, Margaret A. Guido1, and Allan I. Levey3 Departments of 1 Neuroscience and Psychiatry, and 2 Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and 3 Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
The dopamine transporter (DAT) critically regulates the duration of the cellular actions of dopamine and the extent to which dopamine diffuses in the extracellular space. We sought to determine whether the reportedly greater diffusion of dopamine in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) as compared with the striatum is associated with a more restricted axonal distribution of the cortical DAT protein. By light microscopy, avidin-biotin-peroxidase immunostaining for DAT was visualized in fibers that were densely distributed within the dorsolateral striatum and the superficial layers of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, DAT-labeled axons were distributed only sparsely to the deep layers of the prelimbic cortex. By electron microscopy, DAT-immunoreactive profiles in the striatum and cingulate cortex included both varicose and intervaricose segments of axons. However, DAT-labeled processes in the prelimbic cortex were almost exclusively intervaricose axon segments. Immunolabeling for tyrosine hydroxylase in adjacent sections of the prelimbic cortex was localized to both varicosities and intervaricose segments of axons. These qualitative observations were supported by a quantitative assessment in which the diameter of immunoreactive profiles was used as a relative measure of whether varicose or intervaricose axon segments were labeled. These results suggest that considerable extracellular diffusion of dopamine in the prelimbic PFC may result, at least in part, from a paucity of DAT content in mesocortical dopamine axons, as well as a distribution of the DAT protein at a distance from synaptic release sites. The results further suggest that different populations of dopamine neurons selectively target the DAT to different subcellular locations.
Key words: Key words; cingulate cortex; dopamine; dopamine transporter; prefrontal cortex; prelimbic; striatum; tyrosine hydroxylase
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/1872697-12$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
G. J. Lyon, A. Abi-Dargham, H. Moore, J. A. Lieberman, J. A. Javitch, and D. Sulzer
Presynaptic Regulation of Dopamine Transmission in Schizophrenia
Schizophr Bull, June 12, 2009; (2009) sbp010v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Bertolino, L. Fazio, A. Di Giorgio, G. Blasi, R. Romano, P. Taurisano, G. Caforio, L. Sinibaldi, G. Ursini, T. Popolizio, et al.
Genetically Determined Interaction between the Dopamine Transporter and the D2 Receptor on Prefronto-Striatal Activity and Volume in Humans
J. Neurosci., January 28, 2009; 29(4): 1224 - 1234.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J.-C. Dreher, P. Kohn, B. Kolachana, D. R. Weinberger, and K. F. Berman
Variation in dopamine genes influences responsivity of the human reward system
PNAS, January 13, 2009; 106(2): 617 - 622.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Liang, A. M. Shaw, M. Boules, S. Briody, J. Robinson, A. Oliveros, E. Blazar, K. Williams, Y. Zhang, P. R. Carlier, et al.
Antidepressant-Like Pharmacological Profile of a Novel Triple Reuptake Inhibitor, (1S,2S)-3-(Methylamino)-2-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol (PRC200-SS)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2008; 327(2): 573 - 583.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. J. Bishop, J. Fossella, C. J. Croucher, and J. Duncan
COMT val158met Genotype Affects Recruitment of Neural Mechanisms Supporting Fluid Intelligence
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2008; 18(9): 2132 - 2140.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
F. Papaleo, J. N. Crawley, J. Song, B. K. Lipska, J. Pickel, D. R. Weinberger, and J. Chen
Genetic Dissection of the Role of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase in Cognition and Stress Reactivity in Mice
J. Neurosci., August 27, 2008; 28(35): 8709 - 8723.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Increased amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and reward in mice overexpressing the dopamine transporter
PNAS, March 18, 2008; 105(11): 4405 - 4410.
L. Yavich, M. M. Forsberg, M. Karayiorgou, J. A. Gogos, and P. T. Mannisto
Site-Specific Role of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase in Dopamine Overflow within Prefrontal Cortex and Dorsal Striatum
J. Neurosci., September 19, 2007; 27(38): 10196 - 10209.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Diamond
Consequences of Variations in Genes that affect Dopamine in Prefrontal Cortex
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2007; 17(suppl_1): i161 - i170.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H.-Y. Tan, J. H. Callicott, and D. R. Weinberger
Dysfunctional and Compensatory Prefrontal Cortical Systems, Genes and the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2007; 17(suppl_1): i171 - i181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. D. Gray, M. Punsoni, N. E. Tabori, J. T. Melton, V. Fanslow, M. J. Ward, B. Zupan, D. Menzer, J. Rice, C. T. Drake, et al.
Methylphenidate Administration to Juvenile Rats Alters Brain Areas Involved in Cognition, Motivated Behaviors, Appetite, and Stress
J. Neurosci., July 4, 2007; 27(27): 7196 - 7207.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Yacubian, T. Sommer, K. Schroeder, J. Glascher, R. Kalisch, B. Leuenberger, D. F. Braus, and C. Buchel
Gene gene interaction associated with neural reward sensitivity
PNAS, May 8, 2007; 104(19): 8125 - 8130.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. J. Williams, M. J. Owen, and M. C. O'Donovan
Is COMT a Susceptibility Gene for Schizophrenia?
Schizophr Bull, May 1, 2007; 33(3): 635 - 641.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. W. Dunlop and C. B. Nemeroff
The Role of Dopamine in the Pathophysiology of Depression
Arch Gen Psychiatry, March 1, 2007; 64(3): 327 - 337.
[Full Text] [PDF]
S. M. Eggan and D. A. Lewis
Immunocytochemical Distribution of the Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor in the Primate Neocortex: A Regional and Laminar Analysis
Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2007; 17(1): 175 - 191.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Bertolino, G. Blasi, V. Latorre, V. Rubino, A. Rampino, L. Sinibaldi, G. Caforio, V. Petruzzella, A. Pizzuti, T. Scarabino, et al.
Additive Effects of Genetic Variation in Dopamine Regulating Genes on Working Memory Cortical Activity in Human Brain
J. Neurosci., April 12, 2006; 26(15): 3918 - 3922.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. H. Schott, C. I. Seidenbecher, D. B. Fenker, C. J. Lauer, N. Bunzeck, H.-G. Bernstein, W. Tischmeyer, E. D. Gundelfinger, H.-J. Heinze, and E. Duzel
The Dopaminergic Midbrain Participates in Human Episodic Memory Formation: Evidence from Genetic Imaging
J. Neurosci., February 1, 2006; 26(5): 1407 - 1417.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. H. Miner, H. P. Jedema, F. W. Moore, R. D. Blakely, A. A. Grace, and S. R. Sesack
Chronic Stress Increases the Plasmalemmal Distribution of the Norepinephrine Transporter and the Coexpression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Norepinephrine Axons in the Prefrontal Cortex
J. Neurosci., February 1, 2006; 26(5): 1571 - 1578.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. Diaz-Mataix, M. C. Scorza, A. Bortolozzi, M. Toth, P. Celada, and F. Artigas
Involvement of 5-HT1A Receptors in Prefrontal Cortex in the Modulation of Dopaminergic Activity: Role in Atypical Antipsychotic Action
J. Neurosci., November 23, 2005; 25(47): 10831 - 10843.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
G. Blasi, V. S. Mattay, A. Bertolino, B. Elvevag, J. H. Callicott, S. Das, B. S. Kolachana, M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase val158met Genotype on Attentional Control
J. Neurosci., May 18, 2005; 25(20): 5038 - 5045.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. D. Gale and D. J. Perkel
Properties of Dopamine Release and Uptake in the Songbird Basal Ganglia
J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2005; 93(4): 1871 - 1879.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. Carvelli, P. W. McDonald, R. D. Blakely, and L. J. DeFelice
Dopamine transporters depolarize neurons by a channel mechanism
PNAS, November 9, 2004; 101(45): 16046 - 16051.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Bertolino, G. Caforio, G. Blasi, M. De Candia, V. Latorre, V. Petruzzella, M. Altamura, G. Nappi, S. Papa, J. H. Callicott, et al.
Interaction of COMT Val108/158 Met Genotype and Olanzapine Treatment on Prefrontal Cortical Function in Patients With Schizophrenia
Am J Psychiatry, October 1, 2004; 161(10): 1798 - 1805.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. S. Vizi, G. Zsilla, M. G. Caron, and J. P. Kiss
Uptake and Release of Norepinephrine by Serotonergic Terminals in Norepinephrine Transporter Knock-Out Mice: Implications for the Action of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
J. Neurosci., September 8, 2004; 24(36): 7888 - 7894.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. M. Tunbridge, D. M. Bannerman, T. Sharp, and P. J. Harrison
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibition Improves Set-Shifting Performance and Elevates Stimulated Dopamine Release in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex
J. Neurosci., June 9, 2004; 24(23): 5331 - 5335.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Diamond, L. Briand, J. Fossella, and L. Gehlbach
Genetic and Neurochemical Modulation of Prefrontal Cognitive Functions in Children
Am J Psychiatry, January 1, 2004; 161(1): 125 - 132.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. S. Middleton, W. A. Cass, and L. P. Dwoskin
Nicotinic Receptor Modulation of Dopamine Transporter Function in Rat Striatum and Medial Prefrontal Cortex
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 2004; 308(1): 367 - 377.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. A. Morrow, J. D. Elsworth, and R. H. Roth
Axo-Axonic Structures in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex of the Rat: Reduction by Prenatal Exposure to Cocaine
J. Neurosci., June 15, 2003; 23(12): 5227 - 5234.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. W. Awenowicz and L. L. Porter
Local Application of Dopamine Inhibits Pyramidal Tract Neuron Activity in the Rodent Motor Cortex
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2002; 88(6): 3439 - 3451.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Huotari, M. Santha, L. R. Lucas, M. Karayiorgou, J. A. Gogos, and P. T. Mannisto
Effect of Dopamine Uptake Inhibition on Brain Catecholamine Levels and Locomotion in Catechol-O-methyltransferase-Disrupted Mice
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., December 1, 2002; 303(3): 1309 - 1316.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. Kuczenski and D. S. Segal
Exposure of Adolescent Rats to Oral Methylphenidate: Preferential Effects on Extracellular Norepinephrine and Absence of Sensitization and Cross-Sensitization to Methamphetamine
J. Neurosci., August 15, 2002; 22(16): 7264 - 7271.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. Chen and C. R. Yang
Interaction of Dopamine D1 and NMDA Receptors Mediates Acute Clozapine Potentiation of Glutamate EPSPs in Rat Prefrontal Cortex
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2002; 87(5): 2324 - 2336.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, B. S. Kolachana, J. H. Callicott, C. M. Mazzanti, R. E. Straub, D. Goldman, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of COMT Val108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia
PNAS, May 24, 2001; (2001) 111134598.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. K. Wayment, J. O. Schenk, and B. A. Sorg
Characterization of Extracellular Dopamine Clearance in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: Role of Monoamine Uptake and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition
J. Neurosci., January 1, 2001; 21(1): 35 - 44.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Masson, C. Sagne, M. Hamon, and S. E. Mestikawy
Neurotransmitter Transporters in the Central Nervous System
Pharmacol. Rev., September 1, 1999; 51(3): 439 - 464.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. A. Pehek
Comparison of Effects of Haloperidol Administration on Amphetamine-Stimulated Dopamine Release in the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Dorsal Striatum
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 1999; 289(1): 14 - 23.
[Abstract] [Full Text]
M. A. Hebert and G. A. Gerhardt
Age-Related Changes in the Capacity, Rate, and Modulation of Dopamine Uptake within the Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Fischer 344 Rats: An In Vivo Electrochemical Study
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 1999; 288(2): 879 - 887.
[Abstract] [Full Text]
B. Adams and B. Moghaddam
Corticolimbic Dopamine Neurotransmission Is Temporally Dissociated from the Cognitive and Locomotor Effects of Phencyclidine
J. Neurosci., July 15, 1998; 18(14): 5545 - 5554.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. F. Egan, T. E. Goldberg, B. S. Kolachana, J. H. Callicott, C. M. Mazzanti, R. E. Straub, D. Goldman, and D. R. Weinberger
Effect of COMT Val108/158 Met genotype on frontal lobe function and risk for schizophrenia
PNAS, June 5, 2001; 98(12): 6917 - 6922.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|