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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 1998, 18(7):2720-2728
D1- Versus D2-Receptor Modulation of Visuospatial Working Memory
in Humans
Ulrich
Müller,
D. Yves
von Cramon, and
Stefan
Pollmann
Max-Planck-Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, 04103 Leipzig,
Germany
The effects of pergolide, a mixed D1/D2 receptor agonist, and
bromocriptine, a selective D2 receptor agonist, were assessed in a
visual delay task to further investigate the "dopamine link" of
working memory in humans and to look for differential D1 versus D2
receptor contributions. Two groups of 32 healthy young adults (16 female) received either 0.1 mg of pergolide or 2.5 mg of bromocriptine in a placebo-controlled cross-over design. A pretreatment with domperidone, a peripherally active D2 antagonist, was performed in both
groups to reduce side effects. Interindividual differences in
pharmacokinetics were controlled by the time course of serum prolactin
inhibition. The working memory paradigm was a visuospatial delayed
matching task; the location of a randomly generated seven-point pattern
had to be memorized and compared after 2, 8, or 16 sec with a second
pattern that was either identical or slightly shifted within a
reference frame. The task was designed with the intention to present
unique stimuli at each trial and to require minimal motor demands.
Practice effects between the two pharmacological test days were
minimized by training sessions that preceded the tests. The paradigm
showed significant error and reaction time increases with longer
delays. After comparable doses, only pergolide, but not bromocriptine,
facilitated visuospatial working memory performance as demonstrated by
a significant drug-by-delay interaction. These findings are in
accordance with the monkey literature as well as with neuroanatomical
findings, and they confirm a preferential role of prefrontal D1
receptors for working memory modulation in humans.
Key words:
short-term memory; working memory; prefrontal cortex; dopamine; D1 receptor; D2 receptor; bromocriptine; pergolide; domperidone; prolactin; humans
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/1872720-09$05.00/0
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