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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 15, 1998, 18(8):2891-2906
Contributions of the Optic Tectum and the Retina as Sources of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor for Retinal Ganglion Cells in the Chick Embryo
Karl-Heinz Herzog1 and Christopher S. von Bartheld2 1 Department of Neurobiochemistry, Max-Planck-Institut for Psychiatry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany, and 2 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
Retinal ganglion cells (RGC) are supported by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), but it is not known if BDNF acts as a target-derived factor or as an afferent or autocrine trophic factor. Here we demonstrate that BDNF mRNA is expressed in the retinorecipient layer of the chick optic tectum as well as in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer of the retina. Amacrine cells rather than RGC were the main source of BDNF mRNA in the ganglion cell layer, as determined by in situ hybridization that was combined with retrograde labeling of RGC and destruction of RGC by optic stalk transection, followed by quantitative RT-PCR. Cells in the ganglion cell layer as well as the retinorecipient layers of the optic tectum were BDNF-immunolabeled. After injections into the tectum, radio-iodinated BDNF was transported to the retina where autoradiographic label accumulated in the inner plexiform and ganglion cell layers. After intraocular injection, iodinated BDNF accumulated in these same retinal layers and correlated with the distribution of p75 neurotrophin receptor protein. The majority of cross-linked receptor-bound BDNF in the retina immunoprecipitated with p75 antibodies. No difference in the intensity of BDNF immunolabel was observed in the experimental retina or tectum after optic stalk transection, indicating that most of the BDNF in the RGC was not derived from the optic tectum. These data indicate that a substantial fraction of the BDNF in the ganglion cell layer is derived from local sources, afferents within the retina, rather than from the optic tectum via retrograde transport.
Key words: retina; neurotrophin; BDNF; visual system; development; optic tectum; in situ hybridization; retinal ganglion cell; chick embryo; immunocytochemistry; neurotrophin receptor; retrograde transport; amacrine cell
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/1882891-16$05.00/0
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