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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 1999, 19(1):1-9
Synthesis of
-Tubulin, Actin, and Other Proteins in Axons of Sympathetic Neurons in Compartmented Cultures
Hubert Eng, Karen Lund, and Robert B. Campenot Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7 Canada
The proteins needed for growth and maintenance of the axon are generally believed to be synthesized in the cell bodies and delivered to the axons by anterograde transport. However, recent reports suggest that some proteins can also be synthesized within axons. We used [35S]methionine metabolic labeling to investigate axonal protein synthesis in compartmented cultures of sympathetic neurons from newborn rats. Incubation of distal axons for 4 hr with [35S]methionine resulted in a highly specific pattern of labeled axonal proteins on SDS-PAGE, with 4 prominent bands in the 43-55 kDa range. The labeled proteins in axons were not synthesized in the cell bodies, because they were also produced by axons after the cell bodies had been removed. Two of the proteins were identified by immunoprecipitation as actin and
-tubulin. Axons synthesized <1% of the actin and tubulin synthesized in the cell bodies and transported into the axons, and 75-85% inhibition of axonal protein synthesis by cycloheximide and puromycin failed to inhibit axonal elongation. Nonetheless, the specific production by axons of the major proteins of the axonal cytoskeleton suggests that axonal protein synthesis arises from specific mechanisms and likely has biological significance. One hypothetical scenario involves neurons with long axons in vivo in which losses from turnover during axonal transport may limit the availability of cell body synthesized proteins to the distal axons. In this case, a significant fraction of axonal proteins might be supplied by axonal synthesis, which could, therefore, play important roles in axonal maintenance, regeneration, and sprouting.
Key words: actin; tubulin; axonal protein synthesis; compartmented cultures; [35S]methionine metabolic labeling; axon growth
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1911-09$05.00/0
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Z. F. Kisvarday, P. Buzas, and U. T. Eysel
Calculating Direction Maps from Intrinsic Signals revealed by Optical Imaging
Cereb Cortex, July 1, 2001; 11(7): 636 - 647.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
G. S. Pollock, E. Vernon, M. E. Forbes, Q. Yan, Y.-T. Ma, T. Hsieh, R. Robichon, D. O. Frost, and J. E. Johnson
Effects of Early Visual Experience and Diurnal Rhythms on BDNF mRNA and Protein Levels in the Visual System, Hippocampus, and Cerebellum
J. Neurosci., June 1, 2001; 21(11): 3923 - 3931.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Aja, G. J. Schwartz, M. J. Kuhar, and T. H. Moran
Intracerebroventricular CART peptide reduces rat ingestive behavior and alters licking microstructure
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): R1613 - R1619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Pfaff
Precision in mouse behavior genetics
PNAS, May 3, 2001; (2001) 101128598.
[Full Text]
K. A. Osborne, J. S. de Belle, and M. B. Sokolowski
Foraging Behaviour in Drosophila Larvae: Mushroom Body Ablation
Chem Senses, February 1, 2001; 26(2): 223 - 230.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. D. Mayfield and N. R. Zahniser
Dopamine D2 Receptor Regulation of the Dopamine Transporter Expressed in Xenopus laevis Oocytes Is Voltage-Independent
Mol. Pharmacol., January 1, 2001; 59(1): 113 - 121.
[Abstract] [Full Text]
J. Reisert and H. R Matthews
Response properties of isolated mouse olfactory receptor cells
J. Physiol., January 1, 2001; 530(1): 113 - 122.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. R. Cummins, J. A. Black, S. D. Dib-Hajj, and S. G. Waxman
Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Upregulates Expression of Functional SNS and NaN Sodium Channels and Their Currents in Axotomized Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
J. Neurosci., December 1, 2000; 20(23): 8754 - 8761.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Ragozzino, A. Giovannelli, V. Degasperi, F. Eusebi, and F. Grassi
Zinc permeates mouse muscle ACh receptor channels expressed in BOSC 23 cells and affects channel function
J. Physiol., November 15, 2000; 529(1): 83 - 91.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
N. Zilberberg, N. Ilan, R. Gonzalez-Colaso, and S. A.N. Goldstein
Opening and Closing of KcnkO Potassium Leak Channels Is Tightly Regulated
J. Gen. Physiol., November 1, 2000; 116(5): 721 - 734.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Tamaru, Y. Isojima, T. Yamada, M. Okada, K. Nagai, and K. Takamatsu
Light and Glutamate-Induced Degradation of the Circadian Oscillating Protein BMAL1 during the Mammalian Clock Resetting
J. Neurosci., October 15, 2000; 20(20): 7525 - 7530.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
V. Suri, J. C. Hall, and M. Rosbash
Two Novel doubletime Mutants Alter Circadian Properties and Eliminate the Delay between RNA and Protein in Drosophila
J. Neurosci., October 15, 2000; 20(20): 7547 - 7555.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R A Shiells and G Falk
Activation of Ca2+-calmodulin kinase II induces desensitization by background light in dogfish retinal 'on' bipolar cells
J. Physiol., October 15, 2000; 528(2): 327 - 338.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. M. Reppert and D. R. Weaver
Comparing Clockworks: Mouse versus Fly
J Biol Rhythms, October 1, 2000; 15(5): 357 - 364.
[PDF]
G. A Kerchner, L. M T Canzoniero, S. P. Yu, C. Ling, and D. W Choi
Zn2+ current is mediated by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and enhanced by extracellular acidity in mouse cortical neurones
J. Physiol., October 1, 2000; 528(1): 39 - 52.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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