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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 1999, 19(1):48-55
Long-Term Potentiation in the Hippocampal CA1 Region of Mice
Lacking cGMP-Dependent Kinases Is Normal and Susceptible to Inhibition
of Nitric Oxide Synthase
Thomas
Kleppisch1,
Alexander
Pfeifer1,
Peter
Klatt1,
Peter
Ruth1,
Alexandra
Montkowski2,
Reinhard
Fässler3, and
Franz
Hofmann1
1 Institut für Pharmakologie und
Toxikologie, 80802 München, Germany, 2 Max
Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, 80804 München, Germany,
and 3 Department of Experimental Pathology, Lund University
Hospital, 22185 Lund, Sweden
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a potential cellular mechanism for
learning and memory. The retrograde messenger nitric oxide (NO) is
thought to induce LTP in the CA1 region of the hippocampus via
activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and, ultimately, cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK). Two genes code for the isozymes cGKI and cGKII in vertebrates. The functional role of cGKs in LTP was
analyzed using mice lacking the gene(s) for cGKI, cGKII, or both. LTP
was not altered in the mutant mice lineages. However, LTP was reduced
by inhibition of NO synthase and NMDA receptor antagonists,
respectively. The reduced LTP was not recovered by the cGK-activator
8-(4 chlorophenylthio)-cGMP. Moreover, LTP was not affected by
the sGC inhibitor
1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]-quiloxalin-1-one. In contrast,
it was effectively suppressed by nicotinamide, a blocker of the
ADP-ribosyltransferase. These results show that cGKs are not involved
in LTP in mice and that NO induces LTP through an alternative
cGMP-independent pathway, possibly ADP-ribosylation.
Key words:
synaptic plasticity; hippocampus; nitric oxide; cGMP-dependent kinase; gene targeting; mouse
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19148-08$05.00/0
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