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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 15, 1999, 19(12):5138-5148
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Modulates Nociceptive Sensory
Inputs and NMDA-Evoked Responses in the Rat Spinal Cord
B. J.
Kerr1,
E. J.
Bradbury1,
D. L. H.
Bennett1,
P. M.
Trivedi1,
P.
Dassan1,
J.
French1,
D. B.
Shelton2,
S. B.
McMahon1, and
S. W. N.
Thompson1
1 Neuroscience Research Centre, Guy's, King's, and
St. Thomas' School of Biomedical Sciences, Kings College London,
London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom, and 2 Genentech, South San
Francisco, California 94080
Central sensitization, the hyperexcitability of spinal processing
that often accompanies peripheral injury, is a major component of many
persistent pain states. Here we report that the neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is a modulator of
excitability within the spinal cord and contributes to the mechanism of
central sensitization. BDNF, localized in primary sensory neuron cell bodies and central terminals, potentiates nociceptive spinal reflex responses in an in vitro spinal cord preparation and
induces c-fos expression in dorsal horn neurons. NMDA receptor-mediated
responses, known as a major contributor to central sensitization, were
significantly enhanced by exogenous BDNF. Systemic NGF treatment, a
procedure that mimics peripheral inflammatory states, raises BDNF
levels in sensory neurons and increases nociceptive spinal reflex
excitability. This increased central excitability is reduced by
trkB-IgG, a BDNF "antagonist." We also show directly that
inflammatory pain-related behavior depends on BDNF release in
vivo. Thus behavioral nociceptive responses induced by
intraplantar formalin and by intraplantar carageenan are significantly
attenuated by trkB-IgG. Hence BDNF is appropriately localized and
regulated in inflammatory states and is sufficient and necessary for
the expression of central sensitization in the spinal cord. We propose
that BDNF may function as a modulator of central sensitization in
pathological states, and our results suggest that pharmacological
antagonism of BDNF may prove an effective and novel analgesic strategy
for the treatment of persistent inflammatory pain states.
Key words:
BDNF; sensory neuron; spinal cord; nociception; hyperalgesia; NMDA
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19125138-11$05.00/0
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