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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 1999, 19(14):5782-5791
-Synuclein Shares Physical and Functional Homology with
14-3-3 Proteins
Natalie
Ostrerova1,
Leonard
Petrucelli1,
Matthew
Farrer2,
Nitinkumar
Mehta2,
Peter
Choi1,
John
Hardy2, and
Benjamin
Wolozin1
1 Department of Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical
Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, and 2 Department of
Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224
-Synuclein has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many
neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and
Alzheimer's disease. Mutations in -synuclein cause some cases of
familial PD (Polymeropoulos et al., 1997; Kruger et al., 1998). In
addition, many neurodegenerative diseases show accumulation of
-synuclein in dystrophic neurites and in Lewy bodies (Spillantini et
al., 1998). Here, we show that -synuclein shares physical and
functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins, which are a family of
ubiquitous cytoplasmic chaperones. Regions of -synuclein and 14-3-3 proteins share over 40% homology. In addition, -synuclein binds to
14-3-3 proteins, as well as some proteins known to associate with
14-3-3, including protein kinase C, BAD, and extracellular regulated kinase, but not Raf-1. We also show that overexpression of
-synuclein inhibits protein kinase C activity. The association of
-synuclein with BAD and inhibition of protein kinase C suggests that
increased expression of -synuclein could be harmful. Consistent with
this hypothesis, we observed that overexpression of wild-type -synuclein is toxic, and overexpression of -synuclein containing the A53T or A30P mutations exhibits even greater toxicity. The activity
and binding profile of -synuclein suggests that it might act as a
protein chaperone and that accumulation of -synuclein could
contribute to cell death in neurodegenerative diseases.
Key words:
14-3-3 proteins; Alzheimer's disease; apoptosis; BAD; extracellular regulated kinase; Parkinson's disease; protein kinase C; synuclein
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19145782-10$05.00/0
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