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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 1999, 19(15):6338-6347

Expression and Branch-Specific Export of mRNA Are Regulated by Synapse Formation and Interaction with Specific Postsynaptic Targets

Samuel Schacher1, Fang Wu1, John D. Panyko1, Zhong-Yi Sun1, and Denong Wang2

1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and 2 Genome Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032

Mechanosensory neurons (SNs) of Aplysia form synapses in culture with some targets (L7), but not others (L11), even when a SN is plated with both targets. We examined whether branch-specific net export of mRNA encoding synapse-specific molecules might contribute to branch-specific synapse formation. Single-cell RT-PCR was used to assay levels of mRNA encoding the SN-specific neuropeptide (sensorin A) and other transcripts in cell bodies and neuritic processes of SNs cultured alone or with synaptic targets. Some mRNAs are exported to neurites, but not others. Sensorin A mRNA is detected only in SN cell bodies and neurites, and expression levels correlate with the strength of the synaptic connections formed with L7 after 4 d in culture. After 4 d, more sensorin A transcripts are detected in SN neurites contacting L7 than in SN neurites contacting L11. The differential expression at 4 d is found even when a single SN contacts both targets simultaneously. By contrast, no significant difference in expression is detected in SN neurites contacting L7 versus L11 after 1 d of coculture. The results suggest that interaction and synapse formation with a specific target lead to a time-dependent change in the branch-specific accumulation of sensorin A mRNA in SNs. Because local protein synthesis at synaptic sites might contribute to synaptic function or plasticity, the results suggest that branch-specific targeting of mRNA encoding synapse-related molecules may contribute to the formation of specific synapses.

Key words: synapse formation; specificity; gene expression; mRNA export; RT-PCR; cell culture; Aplysia

Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/19156338-10$05.00/0


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