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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 1999, 19(15):6623-6628
Attenuation of Emotional and Nonemotional Memories after their
Reactivation: Role of Adrenergic Receptors
Jean
Przybyslawski,
Pascal
Roullet, and
Susan J.
Sara
Neuromodulation et Processus Cognitifs, Institut des Neurosciences,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de
Recherche 7624, Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France
A memory trace in its active state is susceptible to interference
by amnesic agents, such as hypothermia and electroconvulsive shock, and
by NMDA receptor antagonists, suggesting that a time-dependent consolidation process occurs each time a memory is reactivated. The
role of noradrenergic receptors in reconsolidation in rats was
examined in both a positively reinforced radial maze task and a
footshock-reinforced conditioned emotional response task. For the
former, rats were trained over several days in a spatial reference
memory task and received a single reactivation trial followed by
propranolol. A temporally graded impairment was observed when
propranolol treatment occurred after the memory reactivation trial. In
the emotional task, memory impairing effects of propranolol were
greater when the drug was administered after a reactivation trial than
when administered immediately after the initial training. These results
suggest that reactivation of memory triggers a receptor-dependent
cascade of intracellular events, recapitulating that which occurs
during initial postacquisition consolidation, thus permitting
reorganization of the existing memory as a function of new information
in the retrieval environment. This remarkable lability of an active
memory trace provides a new basis for pharmacotherapeutic intervention
in such syndromes as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. adrenoreceptor
antagonists may be promising pharmacological agents for attenuating
debilitating memories at the time of their controlled reactivation.
Key words:
receptors; memory reactivation; propranolol; CREB; post-traumatic stress disorder; amnesia
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19156623-06$05.00/0
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