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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 1999, 19(15):6712-6722
Monoamine Control of the Pacemaker Kernel and Cycle Frequency in
the Lobster Pyloric Network
Amir
Ayali and
Ronald M.
Harris-Warrick
Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca,
New York 14853
The monoamines dopamine (DA), serotonin (5HT), and octopamine (Oct)
can each sculpt a unique motor pattern from the pyloric network in the
stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster Panulirus
interruptus. In this paper we investigate the contribution of
individual network components in determining the specific amine-induced cycle frequency. We used photoinactivation of identified neurons and
pharmacological blockade of synapses to isolate the anterior burster
(AB) and pyloric dilator (PD) neurons. Bath application of DA, 5HT, or
Oct enhanced cycle frequency in an isolated AB neuron, with DA
generating the most rapid oscillations and Oct the slowest. When an
AB-PD or AB-2xPD subnetworks were tested, DA often reduced the
ongoing cycle frequency, whereas 5HT and Oct both evoked similar
accelerations in cycle frequency. However, in the intact pyloric
network, both DA and Oct either reduced or did not alter the cycle
frequency, whereas 5HT continued to enhance the cycle frequency as
before. Our results show that the major target of 5HT in altering the
pyloric cycle frequency is the AB neuron, whereas DA's effects on the
AB-2xPD subnetwork are critical in understanding its modulation of the
cycle frequency. Octopamine's effects on cycle frequency require an
understanding of its modulation of the feedback inhibition to the
AB-PD group from the lateral pyloric neuron, which constrains the
pacemaker group to oscillate more slowly than it would alone. We have
thus demonstrated that the relative importance of the different network components in determining the final cycle frequency is not fixed but
can vary under different modulatory conditions.
Key words:
central pattern generation; neuromodulation; pacemaker
neurons; stomatogastric ganglion; pyloric network; dopamine; serotonin; octopamine
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19156712-11$05.00/0
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