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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 1, 1999, 19(19):8637-8645
Cholinergic Induction of Theta-Frequency Oscillations in
Hippocampal Inhibitory Interneurons and Pacing of Pyramidal Cell
Firing
C. Andrew
Chapman and
Jean-Claude
Lacaille
Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques et Département
de Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal,
Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
Cholinergic and GABAergic medial septal afferents contribute to
hippocampal theta activity in part by actions on local interneurons. Interneurons near the border between stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare (LM) display intrinsic membrane potential oscillations at theta frequency when depolarized near threshold. First,
whole-cell current-clamp recordings in rat hippocampal slices were used
to examine effects of the cholinergic agonist carbachol on
biocytin-labeled LM interneurons. At resting membrane potential, cells
were depolarized by bath application of 25 µM carbachol,
and the depolarization was sufficient to induce membrane potential oscillations (2.4 ± 0.2 mV) that paced cell firing. Carbachol also depolarized LM interneurons in the presence of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, (±)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, and bicuculline, indicating that cholinergic
depolarization of LM cells does not depend on ionotropic glutamate or
GABAA synaptic transmission in local circuits. Atropine
blocked the depolarization, indicating that muscarinic receptors were
involved. Minimal stimulation applied to visually identified LM
interneurons was then used to determine if spontaneous activity in CA1
pyramidal cells can be paced by rhythmic inhibition generated by LM
cells at theta frequency. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked in
pyramidal cells by single minimal stimulations were followed by rebound
depolarizations and action potentials. When trains of minimal
stimulation were delivered, membrane potential oscillations of
depolarized pyramidal cells followed the stimulation frequency. Minimal
stimulation led pyramidal cell firing with an average phase of 177°.
Thus, muscarinic induction of theta-frequency membrane potential
oscillations in LM interneurons may contribute to the generation of
rhythmic inhibition that paces intrinsically generated theta activity
in CA1 pyramidal cells.
Key words:
hippocampus; lacunosum-moleculare; theta; rhythmic slow
activity; interneurons; cholinergic; GABA
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19198637-09$05.00/0
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