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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 1999, 19(2):726-736
Calcium Channel Types with Distinct Presynaptic Localization Couple Differentially to Transmitter Release in Single Calyx-Type Synapses
Ling-Gang Wu1, Ruth E. Westenbroek2, J. Gerard G. Borst1, William A. Catterall2, and Bert Sakmann1 1 Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7280
We studied how Ca2+ influx through different subtypes of Ca2+ channels couples to release at a calyx-type terminal in the rat medial nucleus of the trapezoid body by simultaneously measuring the presynaptic Ca2+ influx evoked by a single action potential and the EPSC. Application of subtype-specific toxins showed that Ca2+ channels of the P/Q-, N-, and R-type controlled glutamate release at a single terminal. The Ca2+ influx through the P/Q-type channels triggered release more effectively than Ca2+ influx through N- or R-type channels. We investigated mechanisms that contributed to these differences in effectiveness. Electrophysiological experiments suggested that individual release sites were controlled by all three subtypes of Ca2+ channels. Immunocytochemical staining indicated, however, that a substantial fraction of N- and R-type channels was located distant from release sites. Although these distant channels contributed to the Ca2+ influx into the terminal, they may not contribute to release. Taken together, the results suggest that the Ca2+ influx into the calyx via N- and R-type channels triggers release less effectively than that via P/Q-type because a substantial fraction of the N- and R-type channels in the calyx is localized distant from release sites.
Key words: Ca2+ channels; presynaptic; calyx of Held; voltage clamp; antibody; immunocytochemistry; P-type Ca2+ channels; N-type Ca2+ channels; R-type Ca2+ channels; synaptotagmin; fura-2; rat
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/192726-11$05.00/0
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