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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 1999, 19(2):794-801
Polysialic Acid Facilitates Migration of Luteinizing
Hormone-Releasing Hormone Neurons on Vomeronasal Axons
Keiko
Yoshida1,
Urs
Rutishauser3,
James E.
Crandall1, and
Gerald A.
Schwarting1, 2
1 The Shriver Center, Waltham, Massachusetts
02452, 2 The Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and 3 Program in
Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons migrate from
the olfactory placode to the forebrain in association with vomeronasal
nerves (VNN) that express the polysialic acid-rich form of the neural
cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM). Two approaches were used to
investigate the role of PSA-NCAM: injection of mouse embryos with
endoneuraminidase N, followed by the analysis of LHRH cell positions,
and examination of LHRH cell positions in mutant mice deficient in the
expression of NCAM or the NCAM-180 isoform, which carries nearly all
PSA in the brain. The enzymatic removal of PSA at embryonic day
12 significantly inhibited the migration of nearly half of the
LHRH neuron population, without affecting the VNN tract itself.
Surprisingly, the absence of NCAM or NCAM-180 did not produce this
effect. However, a shift in the route of migration, resulting in an
excess number of LHRH cells in the accessory olfactory bulb, was
observed in the NCAM-180 mutant. Furthermore, it was found that PSA
expressed by the proximal VNN and its distal branch leading to the
accessory bulb, but not the branch leading to the forebrain, was
associated with the NCAM-140 isoform and thus was retained in the
NCAM-180 mutant. These results provide two types of evidence that
PSA-NCAM plays a role in LHRH cell migration: promotion of cell
movement along the VNN tract that is sensitive to acute (enzymatic),
but not chronic (genetic), removal of PSA-NCAM, and a preference of a
subset of migrating LHRH cells for a PSA-positive axon branch over a
PSA-negative branch in the NCAM-180 mutant.
Key words:
polysialic acid; neuronal migration; LHRH neurons; olfactory system; NCAM; vomeronasal organ
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/192794-08$05.00/0
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