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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 1999, 19(20):8818-8829

Identification of a cis-Acting Dendritic Targeting Element in MAP2 mRNAs

Arne Blichenberg¹, Birgit Schwanke¹, Monika Rehbein¹, Craig C. Garner², Dietmar Richter¹, and Stefan Kindler¹

¹ Institute for Cell Biochemistry and Clinical Neurobiology, University of Hamburg, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany, and ² Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, South Birmingham, AL 35213-0021

In neurons, a limited number of mRNAs have been identified in dendritic processes, whereas other transcripts are restricted to the cell soma. Here we have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying extrasomatic localization of mRNAs encoding microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) in primary neuronal cultures. Vectors expressing recombinant mRNAs were introduced into hippocampal and sympathetic neurons using DNA transfection and microinjection protocols, respectively. Chimeric mRNAs containing the entire 3' untranslated region of MAP2 transcripts fused to a nondendritic reporter mRNA are detected in dendrites. In contrast, RNAs containing MAP2 coding and 5' untranslated regions or tubulin sequences are restricted to the cell soma. Moreover, 640 nucleotides from the MAP2 3' untranslated region (UTR) are both sufficient and essential for extrasomatic localization of chimeric mRNAs in hippocampal and sympathetic neurons. Thus, a cis-acting dendritic targeting element that is effective in two distinct neuronal cell types is contained in the 3' UTR of MAP2 transcripts. The observation of RNA granules in dendrites implies that extrasomatic transcripts seem to assemble into multimolecular complexes that may function as transport units.

Key words: dendritic targeting element; RNA localization into dendrites; subcellular transport; extrasomatic protein synthesis; neuronal cytoskeleton/microtubule-associated protein; primary cultures of neurons; microinjection; transfection

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/19208818-12$05.00/0

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