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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 1999, 19(21):9508-9518

c-fos Expression in Brainstem Premotor Interneurons during Cholinergically Induced Active Sleep in the Cat

Francisco R. Morales, Sharon Sampogna, Jack Yamuy, and Michael H. Chase

Department of Physiology and the Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024

The present study was undertaken to identify trigeminal premotor interneurons that become activated during carbachol-induced active sleep (c-AS). Their identification is a critical step in determining the neural circuits responsible for the atonia of active sleep. Accordingly, the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B (CTb) was injected into the trigeminal motor nuclei complex to label trigeminal interneurons. To identify retrograde-labeled activated neurons, immunocytochemical techniques, designed to label the Fos protein, were used. Double-labeled (i.e., CTb⁺, Fos⁺) neurons were found exclusively in the ventral portion of the medullary reticular formation, medial to the facial motor nucleus and lateral to the inferior olive. This region, which encompasses the ventral portion of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis and the nucleus magnocellularis, corresponds to the rostral portion of the classic inhibitory region of Magoun and Rhines (1946). This region contained a mean of 606 ± 41.5 ipsilateral and 90 ± 32.0 contralateral, CTb-labeled neurons. These cells were of medium-size with an average soma diameter of 20-35 µm. Approximately 55% of the retrogradely labeled cells expressed c-fos during a prolonged episode of c-AS. We propose that these neurons are the interneurons responsible for the nonreciprocal postsynaptic inhibition of trigeminal motoneurons that occurs during active sleep.

Key words: REM sleep; motor control; brainstem; trigeminal; immunohistochemistry; cholera toxin; Fos

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/19219508-11$05.00/0

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