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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 1999, 19(3):1018-1026
A Novel Pineal Night-Specific ATPase Encoded by the Wilson
Disease Gene
Jimo
Borjigin1,
Aimee S.
Payne2,
Jie
Deng1,
Xiaodong
Li1,
Michael M.
Wang3,
Boris
Ovodenko1,
Jonathan D.
Gitlin2, and
Solomon H.
Snyder1, 4, 5
Departments of 1 Neuroscience, 3 Neurology,
4 Pharmacology and Molecular Science, and
5 Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, and 2 The Edward
Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
We have identified a pineal night-specific ATPase (PINA), a novel
splice variant of the ATP7B gene disrupted in Wilson disease (WD). PINA
expression exhibits a dramatic diurnal rhythm in both pineal gland and
retina with 100-fold greater expression at night than at day. PINA is
expressed in pinealocytes and a subset of photoreceptors in adult rats
and is transiently expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and the
ciliary body during retinal development. Nocturnal pineal expression of
PINA is under the control of a suprachiasmatic nucleus clock mediated
by superior cervical ganglion innervation of the pineal. In
vitro, PINA expression in pineal cells can be stimulated by
agents activating the cAMP signal transduction pathway. PINA is able to
restore copper transport activity in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae deficient in the homologous copper-transporting
ATPase CCC2, suggesting that this protein may function as a copper
transporter in rat pinealocytes. These studies suggest a potential role
of rhythmic copper metabolism in pineal and/or retina circadian function.
Key words:
pineal; P-type ATPase; Wilson disease; circadian rhythms; photoreceptor; development
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1931018-09$05.00/0
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