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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 15, 1999, 19(4):1532-1540
Responses to the Sensory Properties of Fat of Neurons in the
Primate Orbitofrontal Cortex
Edmund T.
Rolls1,
Hugo
D.
Critchley1,
Andrew S.
Browning1,
Istvan
Hernadi2, and
Laszlo
Lenard2
1 University of Oxford, Department of Experimental
Psychology, Oxford OX1 3UD, Great Britain, and 2 Department
of Physiology, University of Pecs, Pecs H-7643, Hungary
The primate orbitofrontal cortex is a site of convergence of
information from primary taste, olfactory, and somatosensory cortical
areas. We describe the responses of a population of single neurons in
the orbitofrontal cortex that responds to fat in the mouth. The neurons
respond, when fatty foods are being eaten, to pure fat such as glyceryl
trioleate and also to substances with a similar texture but different
chemical composition such as paraffin oil (hydrocarbon) and silicone
oil [Si(CH3)2O)n]. This is
evidence that the neurons respond to the oral texture of fat, sensed by
the somatosensory system. Some of the population of neurons
respond unimodally to the texture of fat. Other single neurons show
convergence of taste inputs, and others of olfactory inputs, onto
single neurons that respond to fat. For example, neurons were found
that responded to the mouth feel of fat and the taste of monosodium
glutamate (both found in milk), or to the mouth feel of fat and to
odor. Feeding to satiety reduces the responses of these neurons to the
fatty food eaten, but the neurons still respond to some other foods
that have not been fed to satiety. Thus sensory-specific satiety for
fat is represented in the responses of single neurons in the primate
orbitofrontal cortex.
Fat is an important constituent of food that affects its palatability
and nutritional effects. The findings described provide evidence that
the reward value (or pleasantness) of the mouth feel of fat is
represented in the primate orbitofrontal cortex and that the
representation is relevant to appetite.
Key words:
fat; food; mouth; oral; orbitofrontal cortex; olfaction; taste; hunger; satiety
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1941532-09$05.00/0
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