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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 15, 1999, 19(6):1895-1911

Differential Distribution of Three Members of a Gene Family Encoding Low Voltage-Activated (T-Type) Calcium Channels

Edmund M. Talley¹, Leanne L. Cribbs², Jung-Ha Lee², Asif Daud², Edward Perez-Reyes², and Douglas A. Bayliss¹

¹ Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and ² Department of Physiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153

Low voltage-activated (T-type) calcium currents are observed in many central and peripheral neurons and display distinct physiological and functional properties. Using in situ hybridization, we have localized central and peripheral nervous system expression of three transcripts (1G, 1H, and 1I) of the T-type calcium channel family (Ca_VT). Each mRNA demonstrated a unique distribution, and expression of the three genes was largely complementary. We found high levels of expression of these transcripts in regions associated with prominent T-type currents, including inferior olivary and thalamic relay neurons (which expressed 1G), sensory ganglia, pituitary, and dentate gyrus granule neurons (1H), and thalamic reticular neurons (1I and 1H). Other regions of high expression included the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the claustrum (1G), the olfactory tubercles (1H and 1I), and the subthalamic nucleus (1I and 1G). Some neurons expressed high levels of all three genes, including hippocampal pyramidal neurons and olfactory granule cells. Many brain regions showed a predominance of labeling for 1G, including the amygdala, cerebral cortex, rostral hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. Exceptions included the basal ganglia, which showed more prominent labeling for 1H and 1I, and the olfactory bulb, the hippocampus, and the caudal hypothalamus, which showed more even levels of all three transcripts. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that differential gene expression underlies pharmacological and physiological heterogeneity observed in neuronal T-type calcium currents, and they provide a molecular basis for the study of T-type channels in particular neurons.

Key words: in situ hybridization; calcium channel; CNS; anticonvulsant; rat; T-type calcium channels

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/1961895-17$05.00/0

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