WWW.JNEUROSCI.ORG
-
The Journal of Neuroscience
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     
-


HOME  |   SEARCH  |   ARCHIVE  |   SUBSCRIBE  |   CONTACT  |   HELP
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit an eLetter
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (97)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Leverenz, J. B.
Right arrow Articles by Peskind, E. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Leverenz, J. B.
Right arrow Articles by Peskind, E. R.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

The Journal of Neuroscience, March 15, 1999, 19(6):2356-2361

Effect of Chronic High-Dose Exogenous Cortisol on Hippocampal Neuronal Number in Aged Nonhuman Primates

James B. Leverenz1, 3, 4, Charles W. Wilkinson2, 4, Molly Wamble1, Shannon Corbin1, Jo Ellen Grabber5, Murray A. Raskind1, 4, and Elaine R. Peskind1, 4

Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center and 2 Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Seattle, Washington 98108, and Departments of 3 Neurology and 4 Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, and 5 Washington Regional Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98195

Chronic exposure to increased glucocorticoid concentrations appears to lower the threshold for hippocampal neuronal degeneration in the old rat. It has been proposed that increased brain exposure to glucocorticoids may lower the threshold for hippocampal neuronal degeneration in human aging and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we asked whether chronic administration of high-dose cortisol to older nonhuman primates decreases hippocampal neuronal number as assessed by unbiased stereological counting methodology. Sixteen Macaca nemestrina (pigtailed macaques) from 18 to 29 years of age were age-, sex-, and weight-matched into pairs and randomized to receive either high-dose oral hydrocortisone (cortisol) acetate (4-6 mg/kg/d) or placebo in twice daily palatable treats for 12 months. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity was monitored by measuring plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol, 24 hr urinary cortisol, and CSF cortisol. Urinary, plasma, and CSF cortisol were elevated, and plasma adrenocorticotropin was reduced in the active treatment group. Total hippocampal volume, subfield volumes, subfield neuronal density, and subfield total neuronal number did not differ between the experimental groups. These findings suggest that chronically elevated cortisol concentrations, in the absence of stress, do not produce hippocampal neuronal loss in nonhuman primates.

Key words: cortisol; aging; nonhuman primate; hippocampus; stereology; CSF cortisol

Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/1962356-06$05.00/0


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
B. S. McEwen
Physiology and Neurobiology of Stress and Adaptation: Central Role of the Brain
Physiol Rev, July 1, 2007; 87(3): 873 - 904.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Behav Cogn Neurosci RevHome page
C. D. Conrad
What Is the Functional Significance of Chronic Stress-Induced CA3 Dendritic Retraction Within the Hippocampus?
Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev, March 1, 2006; 5(1): 41 - 60.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. PsychiatryHome page
J. D. Bremner, M. Vythilingam, E. Vermetten, S. M. Southwick, T. McGlashan, A. Nazeer, S. Khan, L. V. Vaccarino, R. Soufer, P. K. Garg, et al.
MRI and PET Study of Deficits in Hippocampal Structure and Function in Women With Childhood Sexual Abuse and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Am J Psychiatry, May 1, 2003; 160(5): 924 - 932.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. PsychiatryHome page
M. Vythilingam, C. Heim, J. Newport, A. H. Miller, E. Anderson, R. Bronen, M. Brummer, L. Staib, E. Vermetten, D. S. Charney, et al.
Childhood Trauma Associated With Smaller Hippocampal Volume in Women With Major Depression
Am J Psychiatry, December 1, 2002; 159(12): 2072 - 2080.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
D. M. Lyons, C. Yang, A. M. Sawyer-Glover, M. E. Moseley, and A. F. Schatzberg
Early Life Stress and Inherited Variation in Monkey Hippocampal Volumes
Arch Gen Psychiatry, December 1, 2001; 58(12): 1145 - 1151.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
K. L. Brunson, M. Eghbal-Ahmadi, R. Bender, Y. Chen, and T. Z. Baram
Long-term, progressive hippocampal cell loss and dysfunction induced by early-life administration of corticotropin-releasing hormone reproduce the effects of early-life stress
PNAS, July 5, 2001; (2001) 151224898.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
A. F. Clark, H. T. Steely, J. E. Dickerson Jr, S. English-Wright, K. Stropki, M. D. McCartney, N. Jacobson, A. R. Shepard, J. I. Clark, H. Matsushima, et al.
Glucocorticoid Induction of the Glaucoma Gene MYOC in Human and Monkey Trabecular Meshwork Cells and Tissues
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2001; 42(8): 1769 - 1780.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
P. J. Lucassen, M. B. Muller, F. Holsboer, J. Bauer, A. Holtrop, J. Wouda, W. J. G. Hoogendijk, E. R. De Kloet, and D. F. Swaab
Hippocampal Apoptosis in Major Depression Is a Minor Event and Absent from Subareas at Risk for Glucocorticoid Overexposure
Am. J. Pathol., February 1, 2001; 158(2): 453 - 468.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. M. Sanchez, L. J. Young, P. M. Plotsky, and T. R. Insel
Distribution of Corticosteroid Receptors in the Rhesus Brain: Relative Absence of Glucocorticoid Receptors in the Hippocampal Formation
J. Neurosci., June 15, 2000; 20(12): 4657 - 4668.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
H. J. Krugers, S. Maslam, J. Korf, M. Joels, and F. Holsboer
The Corticosterone Synthesis Inhibitor Metyrapone Prevents Hypoxia/Ischemia-Induced Loss of Synaptic Function in the Rat Hippocampus Editorial Comment
Stroke, May 1, 2000; 31(5): 1162 - 1172.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
P. S. Aisen, K. L. Davis, J. D. Berg, K. Schafer, K. Campbell, R. G. Thomas, M. F. Weiner, M. R. Farlow, M. Sano, M. Grundman, et al.
A randomized controlled trial of prednisone in Alzheimer's disease
Neurology, February 8, 2000; 54(3): 588 - 588.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
O. M. Wolkowitz and V. I. Reus
Treatment of Depression With Antiglucocorticoid Drugs
Psychosom Med, September 1, 1999; 61(5): 698 - 711.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
K. L. Brunson, M. Eghbal-Ahmadi, R. Bender, Y. Chen, and T. Z. Baram
Long-term, progressive hippocampal cell loss and dysfunction induced by early-life administration of corticotropin-releasing hormone reproduce the effects of early-life stress
PNAS, July 17, 2001; 98(15): 8856 - 8861.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


-
-

Home  |   Search  |   Archive  |   Subscribe  |   Contact  |   Help
-
Copyright 2009 by Society for Neuroscience ONLINE ISSN: 1529-2401
-