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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 15, 1999, 19(8):2843-2851

Regulation of Intracellular Chloride by Cotransporters in Developing Lateral Superior Olive Neurons

Yasuhiro Kakazu^{1, 2}, Norio Akaike¹, Soutaro Komiyama², and Junichi Nabekura¹

Departments of ¹ Physiology and ² Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

The regulatory mechanisms of intracellular Cl concentration ([Cl]_i) were investigated in the lateral superior olive (LSO) neurons of various developmental stages by taking advantage of gramicidin perforated patch recording mode, which enables neuronal [Cl]_i measurement. Responses to glycine changed from depolarization to hyperpolarization during the second week after birth, resulting from [Cl]_i decrease. Furosemide equally altered the [Cl]_i of both immature and mature LSO neurons, indicating substantial contributions of furosemide-sensitive intracellular Cl regulators; i.e., K⁺-Cl cotransporter (KCC) and Na⁺-K⁺-Cl cotransporter (NKCC), throughout this early development. Increase of extracellular K⁺ concentration and replacement of intracellular K⁺ with Cs⁺ resulted in [Cl]_i elevation at postnatal days 13-15 (P13-P15), but not at P0-P2, indicating that the mechanism of neuronal Cl extrusion is sensitive to both furosemide and K⁺-gradient and poorly developed in immature LSO neurons. In addition, removal of extracellular Na⁺ decreased [Cl]_i at P0-P2, suggesting the existence of extracellular Na⁺-dependent and furosemide-sensitive Cl accumulation in immature LSO neurons. These data show clearly that developmental changes of Cl cotransporters alter [Cl]_i and are responsible for the switch from the neonatal Cl efflux to the mature Cl influx in LSO neurons. Such maturational changes in Cl cotransporters might have the important functional roles for glycinergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission and the broader implications for LSO and auditory development.

Key words: Cl-cotransporter; lateral superior olive neurons; development; glycine; intracellular Cl concentration; gramicidin perforated patch clamp

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/1982843-09$05.00/0

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