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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 15, 1999, 19(8):3033-3042
A Changing Pattern of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
Expression Correlates with the Rearrangement of Fibers during Cochlear
Development of Rats and Mice
Barbara
Wiechers1,
Glikeria
Gestwa1,
Andreas
Mack2,
Patrick
Carroll3,
Hans-Peter
Zenner1, and
Marlies
Knipper1
Departments of 1 Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and
2 Anatomy, University of Tübingen, D-72076
Tübingen, Germany, and 3 Institut National de la
Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la
Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 382, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
The reorganization of specific neuronal connections is a typical
feature of the developing nervous system. It is assumed that the
refinement of connections in sensory systems requires spontaneous activity before the onset of cochlear function and selective sensory experience during the ensuing period. The mechanism of refinement through sensory experience is currently postulated as being based on
the selective reinforcement of active projections by neurotrophins. We
studied a presumed role of neurotrophins for rearrangement of afferent
and efferent fibers before the onset of sensory function in the
precisely innervated auditory end organ, the cochlea. We observed a
spatiotemporal change in the localization of brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) protein and mRNA, which correlated with the
reorganization of fibers. Thus, BDNF decreased in target hair cells
during fiber retraction and was subsequently upregulated in neurons,
target hair cells, and adjacent supporting cells concomitant with the
formation of new synaptic contacts. Analysis of the innervation pattern
in BDNF gene-deleted mice by immunohistochemistry and confocal
microscopy revealed a failure in the rearrangement of fibers and a BDNF
dependency of distinct neuronal projections that reorganize in control
animals. Our data suggest that, before the onset of auditory function,
a spatiotemporal change in BDNF expression in sensory, epithelial, and
neuronal cells may guide the initial steps of refinement of the
innervation pattern.
Key words:
BDNF; fiber rearrangement; innervation pattern; cochlea; development; rat; knock-out mouse
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1983033-10$05.00/0
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