 |
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, April 15, 1999, 19(8):3050-3056
Mandarin and English Single Word Processing Studied with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Michael W. L. Chee1, Edsel W. L. Tan1, and Thorsten Thiel2 1 Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore, and 2 MR-Tomography, Department of Radiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
The cortical organization of language in bilinguals remains disputed. We studied 24 right-handed fluent bilinguals: 15 exposed to both Mandarin and English before the age of 6 years; and nine exposed to Mandarin in early childhood but English only after the age of 12 years. Blood oxygen level-dependent contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed while subjects performed cued word generation in each language. Fixation was the control task. In both languages, activations were present in the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal regions, and the supplementary motor area. Activations in the prefrontal region were compared by (1) locating peak activations and (2) counting the number of voxels that exceeded a statistical threshold. Although there were differences in the magnitude of activation between the pair of languages, no subject showed significant differences in peak-location or hemispheric asymmetry of activations in the prefrontal language areas. Early and late bilinguals showed a similar pattern of overlapping activations. There are no significant differences in the cortical areas activated for both Mandarin and English at the single word level, irrespective of age of acquisition of either language.
Key words: bilingualism; functional magnetic resonance imaging; brain mapping; English-Chinese comparison; visual word processing; language
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1983050-07$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
K. Mondt, D. Baleriaux, T. Metens, P. Paquier, P. Van de Craen, M. Van den Noort, and V. Denolin
An fMRI study of level of proficiency as a predictor of neurocognitive convergence for L1/L2 during a lexicosemantic task in a paediatric population
Second Language Research, January 1, 2009; 25(1): 107 - 134.
[Abstract] [PDF]
G. Thierry and Y. J. Wu
From the Cover: Brain potentials reveal unconscious translation during foreign-language comprehension
PNAS, July 24, 2007; 104(30): 12530 - 12535.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. H. Ofan and E. Zohary
Visual Cortex Activation in Bilingual Blind Individuals during Use of Native and Second Language
Cereb Cortex, June 1, 2007; 17(6): 1249 - 1259.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Dodel, N. Golestani, C. Pallier, V. ElKouby, D. Le Bihan, and J.-B. Poline
Condition-dependent functional connectivity: syntax networks in bilinguals
Phil Trans R Soc B, May 29, 2005; 360(1457): 921 - 935.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Tatsuno and K. L. Sakai
Language-Related Activations in the Left Prefrontal Regions Are Differentially Modulated by Age, Proficiency, and Task Demands
J. Neurosci., February 16, 2005; 25(7): 1637 - 1644.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J.-F. Demonet, G. Thierry, and D. Cardebat
Renewal of the Neurophysiology of Language: Functional Neuroimaging
Physiol Rev, January 1, 2005; 85(1): 49 - 95.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. L. Sakai, K. Miura, N. Narafu, and Y. Muraishi
Correlated Functional Changes of the Prefrontal Cortex in Twins Induced by Classroom Education of Second Language
Cereb Cortex, November 1, 2004; 14(11): 1233 - 1239.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
F.-E. Roux, V. Lubrano, V. Lauwers-Cances, M. Tremoulet, C. R. Mascott, and J.-F. Demonet
Intra-operative mapping of cortical areas involved in reading in mono- and bilingual patients
Brain, August 1, 2004; 127(8): 1796 - 1810.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. J. Pillai, J. D. Allison, S. Sethuraman, J. M. Araque, D. Thiruvaiyaru, C. B. Ison, D. W. Loring, and T. Lavin
Functional MR Imaging Study of Language-Related Differences in Bilingual Cerebellar Activation
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., April 1, 2004; 25(4): 523 - 532.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. Pallier, S. Dehaene, J.-B. Poline, D. LeBihan, A.-M. Argenti, E. Dupoux, and J. Mehler
Brain Imaging of Language Plasticity in Adopted Adults: Can a Second Language Replace the First?
Cereb Cortex, February 1, 2003; 13(2): 155 - 161.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. W.L. Chee and D. Caplan
Face encoding and psychometric testing in healthy dextrals with right hemisphere language
Neurology, December 24, 2002; 59(12): 1928 - 1934.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Filiputti, A. Tavano, L. Vorano, G. De Luca, and F. Fabbro
Nonparellel recovery of languages in a quadrilingual aphasic patient
International Journal of Bilingualism, December 1, 2002; 6(4): 395 - 410.
[Abstract] [PDF]
M. Goral, E. S. Levy, and L. K. Obler
Neurolinguistic aspects of bilingualism
International Journal of Bilingualism, December 1, 2002; 6(4): 411 - 440.
[Abstract] [PDF]
B. Kotik-Friedgut
A Systemic-Dynamic Lurian Approach to Aphasia in Bilingual Speakers
Communication Disorders Quarterly, January 1, 2001; 22(2): 100 - 109.
[Abstract] [PDF]
S. Dehaene
Fitting two languages into one brain
Brain, December 1, 1999; 122(12): 2207 - 2208.
[Full Text] [PDF]
C. J. Price, D. W. Green, and R. von Studnitz
A functional imaging study of translation and language switching
Brain, December 1, 1999; 122(12): 2221 - 2235.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|