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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 1, 1999, 19(9):3535-3544
A Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade in the CA1/CA2
Subfield of the Dorsal Hippocampus Is Essential for Long-Term Spatial
Memory
Sonja
Blum,
Anthony N.
Moore,
Frank
Adams, and
Pramod
K.
Dash
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for
the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, The University of Texas
Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
Behavioral, biophysical, and pharmacological studies have
implicated the hippocampus in the formation and storage of spatial memory. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying long-term spatial
memory are poorly understood. In this study, we show that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, also called ERK) is activated in the dorsal, but not the ventral, hippocampus of rats after training
in a spatial memory task, the Morris water maze. The activation was
expressed as enhanced phosphorylation of MAPK in the pyramidal neurons
of the CA1/CA2 subfield. In contrast, no increase in the percentage of
phospho-MAPK-positive cells was detected in either the CA3 subfield or
the dentate gyrus. The enhanced phosphorylation was observed only after
multiple training trials but not after a single trial or after multiple
trials in which the location of the target platform was randomly
changed between each trial. Inhibition of the MAPK/ERK cascade in
dorsal hippocampi did not impair acquisition, but blocked the formation of long-term spatial memory. In contrast, intrahippocampal infusion of
SB203580, a specific inhibitor of the stress-activated MAPK (p38 MAPK),
did not interfere with memory storage. These results demonstrate a
MAPK-mediated cellular event in the CA1/CA2 subfields of the dorsal
hippocampus that is critical for long-term spatial memory.
Key words:
MAPK; hippocampus; Morris water maze; long-term memory; PD098059; p38MAPK
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1993535-10$05.00/0
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