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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 2, 1387-1404, Copyright © 1982 by Society for Neuroscience
Discharge rate and excitability of cortically projecting intralaminar thalamic neurons during waking and sleep states
LL Glenn and M Steriade
Spontaneous firing and antidromically or synaptically evoked discharges of
89 single neurons in centralis lateralis-paracentralis (CL-Pc) intralaminar
thalamic nuclei were examined during waking and sleep states in behaving
cats with chronic pontine lesions. Twenty-four neurons were activated
synaptically at short latencies from the midbrain reticular formation (MRF)
after anterograde degeneration of passing fibers. Sixty-five neurons were
identified antidromically as projecting to motor or parietal association
cortical areas; of them, 23 also could be excited synaptically from the
MRF. These neurons were regarded as possibly being involved in the transfer
toward the neocortex of the tonic excitation from the MRF during EEG-
desynchronized behavioral states. Rates of spontaneous discharge in CL- Pc
neurons doubled from synchronized sleep (S) to either wakefulness (W) or
desynchronized sleep (D). First order measures of discharge patterns
indicated that interval modes in both W and D states (greater than 10 msec)
are significantly different from those in S (2.5 msec). During S, the
intervals found in the less than 5-msec class indicated the intraburst
frequencies; a later minor mode (200 to 350 msec) reflected the interburst
silent periods. All neurons tested for antidromic activation from cortical
areas had enhanced responsiveness in both W and D states as compared to S
sleep. In some cases, the enhanced antidromic excitability was observed in
conjunction with a transformation from initial segment spikes during S to
full spikes in EEG-desynchronized states. During both W and D states,
compared to S sleep, the probability of monosynaptically elicited single
discharges to MRF stimulation was increased, and the latency and duration
of high frequency bursts evoked by MRF volleys were shortened. We conclude
that the features of cortically projecting intralaminar neurons that relay
MRF activity fit in well with their hypothesized role in the tonic
activation processes that characterize both W and D states. Several lines
of evidence suggest that sustained hyperpolarization prevails in
intralaminar neurons during S sleep. This is the basic prerequisite for
thalamic bursting. The effect of long lasting inhibitory potentials in
thalamic neurons provides a mechanism for closing sensory channels during S
sleep.
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