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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 2, 1682-1691, Copyright © 1982 by Society for Neuroscience
Facilitatory transmitter causes a selective and prolonged increase in adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate in sensory neurons mediating the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex in Aplysia
L Bernier, VF Castellucci, ER Kandel and JH Schwartz
Sensitization of the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex in the marine
mollusc, Aplysia california, is a simple form of learning Underlying this
behavioral changes is a cascade of biochemical events. The first step in
this cascade is postulated to be an increase in cAMP within the sensory
neurons of the abdominal ganglion. We have developed a labeling protocol
with 32Pi which permits us to measure the synthesis of cAMP within a single
sensory neurons. Application of serotonin for 5 min was found to triple the
content of [32P]cAMP in sensory neurons. The response is specific to
serotonin: dopamine, a transmitter that does not produce sensitization, did
not increase cAMP. Physiological stimulation of facilitator neurons also
resulted in a 3.5-fold increase of cAMP in sensory neurons but not in other
cells of the ganglion. We studied the time course of the increase of cAMP
in sensory cells stimulated with serotonin and found that it parallels
closely the time course of the short term form of presynaptic facilitation.
We also have determined the effects of transmitters on the synthesis of
cAMP in other identified neurons of the ganglion. The bag cells responded
specifically to serotonin. R15, which has been shown to be hyperpolarized
both the serotonin and by dopamine, responded to both transmitters by
increased synthesis synthesis of cAMP. Thus, the dopamine- and
serotonin-sensitive cyclase can be localized to both the same and different
cells. Other cells did not respond to serotonin or to dopamine, indicating
that a transmitter-sensitive adenylate cyclase is a specific property and
is not present in all neurons.
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