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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 2, 765-781, Copyright © 1982 by Society for Neuroscience
Peripheral neural mechanisms of cutaneous hyperalgesia following mild injury by heat
RH LaMotte, JG Thalhammer, HE Torebjork and CJ Robinson
Pain thresholds in humans were determined for heat stimulations of the skin
before and after a mild injury induced by a single conditioning stimulus
(CS) of 50 degrees C and 100 sec duration. The same stimuli were delivered
to the receptive fields of C fiber and A fiber mechanoheat-sensitive
nociceptors (CMH and AMH nociceptors, respectively) and of low threshold
warm and cold receptors in the anesthetized monkey and to the receptive
fields of CMH nociceptors recorded percutaneously from the peroneal nerve
of awake humans. Pain thresholds in normal skin were matched only by the
response thresholds of CMH and not AMH nociceptors. Immediately following
heat injury, some pain thresholds and CMH response thresholds were
elevated, but by 5 to 10 min after the CS, pain and CMH thresholds were
lowered to 2 to 6 degrees C below normal (hyperalgesia and nociceptor
sensitization). No other type of cutaneous receptor studied exhibited
changes in threshold similar to those observed for pain and for CMH
nociceptors. The magnitude of hyperalgesia in humans and the magnitude of
sensitization of CMH nociceptors in monkeys following heat injury were
greater for hairy than for glabrous skin. The time course of the
development of hyperalgesia was not altered by ischemia or conduction block
in A fibers. The results support the conclusion that altered activity in
CMH nociceptors is a major peripheral determinant of cutaneous hyperalgesia
following a mild heat injury to the skin.
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