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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 2000, 20(1):351-360
Developmental Changes in the Neurotransmitter Regulation of
Correlated Spontaneous Retinal Activity
Wai T.
Wong,
Karen L.
Myhr,
Ethan D.
Miller, and
Rachel O. L.
Wong
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Synchronized spontaneous rhythmic activity is a feature common to
many parts of the developing nervous system. In the early visual
system, before vision, developing circuits in the retina generate
synchronized patterns of bursting activity that contain information
useful for patterning connections between retinal ganglion cells
and their central targets. However, how developing retinal circuits
generate and regulate these spontaneous activity patterns is still
incompletely understood. Here we show that in developing retinal
circuits, the nature of excitatory neurotransmission driving correlated
bursting activity in ganglion cells is not fixed but undergoes a
developmental shift from cholinergic to glutamatergic transmission. In
addition, we show that this shift occurs as presynaptic glutamatergic
bipolar cells form functional connections onto the ganglion cells,
implicating the role of bipolar cells in providing endogenous drive to
bursting activity later in development. This transition coincides with
the period when subsets of ganglion cells (On and Off cells) develop
distinct activity patterns that are thought to underlie the refinement of their connectivity with their central targets. Here, our results suggest that the differences in activity patterns of On and Off ganglion cells may be conferred by differential synaptic drive from On
and Off bipolar cells, respectively. Taken together, our results
suggest that the regulation of patterned spontaneous activity by
neurotransmitters undergoes systematic change as new cellular elements
are added to developing circuits and also that these new elements can
help specify distinct activity patterns appropriate for shaping
connectivity patterns at later ages.
Key words:
retinal development; ferret retina; spontaneous activity; retinal waves; activity dependent; APB; glutamate
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/0/201351-10$05.00/0
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