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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 2000, 20(1):43-50
Rescue of Hearing, Auditory Hair Cells, and Neurons by
CEP-1347/KT7515, an Inhibitor of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation
Ulla
Pirvola1, 2,
Liang
Xing-Qun1, 2,
Jussi
Virkkala2,
Mart
Saarma1,
Chikara
Murakata3,
Anna Marie
Camoratto4,
Kevin M.
Walton4, and
Jukka
Ylikoski1, 2
1 Institute of Biotechnology and
2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland, 3 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo
Company, Shizuoka 411, Japan, and 4 Cephalon, West Chester,
Pennsylvania 19380-4245
We have studied the mechanisms of auditory hair cell death after
insults in vitro and in vivo. We show DNA
fragmentation of hair cell nuclei after ototoxic drug and intense noise
trauma. By using phospho-specific c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and
c-Jun antibodies in immunohistochemistry, we show that the JNK pathway, associated with stress, injury, and apoptosis, is activated in hair
cells after trauma. CEP-1347, a derivative of the indolocarbazole K252a, is a small molecule that has been shown to attenuate
neurodegeneration by blocking the activation of JNK (Maroney et al.,
1998). Subcutaneously delivered CEP-1347 attenuated noise-induced
hearing loss. The protective effect was demonstrated by functional
tests, which showed less hearing threshold shift in CEP-1347-treated
than in nontreated guinea pigs, and by morphometric methods showing
less hair cell death in CEP-1347-treated cochleas. In organotypic
cochlear cultures, CEP-1347 prevented neomycin-induced hair cell death. In addition to hair cells, CEP-1347 promoted survival of dissociated cochlear neurons. These results suggest that therapeutic intervention in the JNK signaling cascade, possibly by using CEP-1347, may offer
opportunities to treat inner ear injuries.
Key words:
cochlea; noise trauma; aminoglycoside toxicity; cell
death; c-Jun; therapy
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/0/20143-08$05.00/0
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