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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 2000, 20(1):43-50

Rescue of Hearing, Auditory Hair Cells, and Neurons by CEP-1347/KT7515, an Inhibitor of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation

Ulla Pirvola1, 2, Liang Xing-Qun1, 2, Jussi Virkkala2, Mart Saarma1, Chikara Murakata3, Anna Marie Camoratto4, Kevin M. Walton4, and Jukka Ylikoski1, 2

1 Institute of Biotechnology and 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland, 3 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Company, Shizuoka 411, Japan, and 4 Cephalon, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380-4245

We have studied the mechanisms of auditory hair cell death after insults in vitro and in vivo. We show DNA fragmentation of hair cell nuclei after ototoxic drug and intense noise trauma. By using phospho-specific c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun antibodies in immunohistochemistry, we show that the JNK pathway, associated with stress, injury, and apoptosis, is activated in hair cells after trauma. CEP-1347, a derivative of the indolocarbazole K252a, is a small molecule that has been shown to attenuate neurodegeneration by blocking the activation of JNK (Maroney et al., 1998). Subcutaneously delivered CEP-1347 attenuated noise-induced hearing loss. The protective effect was demonstrated by functional tests, which showed less hearing threshold shift in CEP-1347-treated than in nontreated guinea pigs, and by morphometric methods showing less hair cell death in CEP-1347-treated cochleas. In organotypic cochlear cultures, CEP-1347 prevented neomycin-induced hair cell death. In addition to hair cells, CEP-1347 promoted survival of dissociated cochlear neurons. These results suggest that therapeutic intervention in the JNK signaling cascade, possibly by using CEP-1347, may offer opportunities to treat inner ear injuries.

Key words: cochlea; noise trauma; aminoglycoside toxicity; cell death; c-Jun; therapy


Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/0/20143-08$05.00/0


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