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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 2000, 20(1):59-65

Developmental Changes in Calcium Channel Types Mediating Central Synaptic Transmission

Shinichi Iwasaki¹, Akiko Momiyama², Osvaldo D. Uchitel³, and Tomoyuki Takahashi¹

¹ Department of Neurophysiology, University of Tokyo Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, ² Laboratory of Cerebral Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan, and ³ Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Laboratorio de Fisiologia y Biologia, Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina

Multiple types of high-voltage-activated Ca²⁺ channels trigger neurotransmitter release at the mammalian central synapse. Among them, the -conotoxin GVIA-sensitive N-type channels and the -Aga-IVA-sensitive P/Q-type channels mediate fast synaptic transmission. However, at most central synapses, it is not known whether the contributions of different Ca²⁺ channel types to synaptic transmission remain stable throughout postnatal development. We have addressed this question by testing type-specific Ca²⁺ channel blockers at developing central synapses. Our results indicate that N-type channels contribute to thalamic and cerebellar IPSCs only transiently during early postnatal period and P/Q-type channels predominantly mediate mature synaptic transmission, as we reported previously at the brainstem auditory synapse formed by the calyx of Held. In fact, Ca²⁺ currents directly recorded from the auditory calyceal presynaptic terminal were identified as N-, P/Q-, and R-types at postnatal day 7 (P7) to P10 but became predominantly P/Q-type at P13. In contrast to thalamic and cerebellar IPSCs and brainstem auditory EPSCs, N-type Ca²⁺ channels persistently contribute to cerebral cortical EPSCs and spinal IPSCs throughout postnatal months. Thus, in adult animals, synaptic transmission is predominantly mediated by P/Q-type channels at a subset of synapses and mediated synergistically by multiple types of Ca²⁺ channels at other synapses.

Key words: N-type calcium channels; P/Q-type calcium channels; postnatal development; transmitter release; central synapse; slice

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Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/0/20159-07$05.00/0

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