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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 1, 2000, 20(13):5012-5023
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (Fgf2) Is Necessary for Cell
Proliferation and Neurogenesis in the Developing Cerebral Cortex
Rossana
Raballo1,
Julianne
Rhee1,
Richard
Lyn-Cook1,
James F.
Leckman1,
Michael L.
Schwartz2, and
Flora M.
Vaccarino1, 2
1 Child Study Center and 2 Section of
Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Little is known about regionally specific signals that control the
number of neuronal progenitor cells in vivo. We have
previously shown that the germline mutation of the basic fibroblast
growth factor (Fgf2) gene results in a reduction in the number of
cortical neurons in the adult. We show here that Fgf2 is expressed in
the pseudostratified ventricular epithelium (PVE) in a dorsoventral gradient and that Fgf2 and its receptor, Fgfr-1, are downregulated by
mid to late stages of neurogenesis. In Fgf2 knockout mice, the volume
and cell number of the dorsal PVE (the cerebral cortical anlage) are
substantially smaller, whereas the volume of the basal PVE is
unchanged. The dorsal PVE of Fgf2 knockout mice has a 50% decrease in
founder cells and a reduced expansion of the progenitor pool over the
first portion of neurogenesis. Despite this reduction, the degree of
apoptosis within the PVE is not changed in the Fgf2 knockouts. Cortical
neuron number was decreased by 45% in Fgf2 knockout mice by the end of
neurogenesis, whereas the number of neurons in the basal ganglia was
unaffected. Microscopically, the frontal cerebral cortex of neonatal
Fgf2 null mutant mice lacked large neurons in deep cortical layers. We
suggest that Fgf2 is required for the generation of a specific class of
cortical neurons arising from the dorsal PVE.
Key words:
fibroblast growth factor; Fgf2; knockout; null mutation; gene; neurogenesis; mouse; pseudostratified ventricular epithelium; apoptosis; cell division; neuronal progenitor; cerebral cortex; basal
ganglia
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20135012-12$05.00/0
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