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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 2000, 20(17):6707-6713
Disruption of Arcuate/Paraventricular Nucleus Connections Changes
Body Energy Balance and Response to Acute Stress
M. Elizabeth
Bell,
Seema
Bhatnagar,
Susan F.
Akana,
SuJean
Choi, and
Mary F.
Dallman
Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco,
San Francisco, California 94143
The mediobasal hypothalamus regulates functions necessary for
survival, including body energy balance and adaptation to stress. The
purpose of this experiment was to determine the contribution of the
arcuate nucleus (ARC) in controlling these two functions by the
paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Circular, horizontal cuts (1.0 mm
radius) were placed immediately above the anterior ARC to sever
afferents to the PVN. In shams the knife was lowered to the same
coordinates but was not rotated. Food intake and body weight were
monitored twice daily, at the beginning and end of the light cycle, for
1 week. On the final day the animals were restrained for 30 min.
Lesioned animals had increased food intake in light and dark periods,
higher weight gain per day, and more body fat as compared with shams.
There was no difference in caloric efficiency. Unlike shams, lesioned
rats had no predictable relationship between plasma insulin and leptin.
Plasma ACTH was increased at 0 min in lesioned rats but was decreased
15 and 30 min after restraint as compared with shams. There was no
difference in plasma corticosterone. Immunostaining revealed that
 -melanocortin (MSH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) accumulated below
the cuts, and both were decreased in PVN. Food intake and body weight
were correlated negatively to MSH, but not NPY in PVN. There
was no difference in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, but NPY mRNA was
reduced in the ARC of lesioned animals. We conclude that ARC controls
body energy balance in unstressed rats, possibly by MSH input to
PVN, and that ARC also is necessary for PVN regulation of ACTH.
Key words:
-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; neuropeptide
Y; CRF; ACTH; restraint; hypothalamus
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20176707-07$05.00/0
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