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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 2000, 20(20):7846-7854
Evidence for Spatial Modules Mediated by Temporal Synchronization
of Carbachol-Induced Gamma Rhythm in Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Clayton T.
Dickson,
Gerardo
Biella, and
Marco
de Curtis
Department of Experimental Neurophysiology, Istituto Nazionale
Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan 20133, Italy
Fast ( ) oscillations in the cortex underlie the rapid temporal
coordination of large-scale neuronal assemblies in the processing of
sensory stimuli. Cortical rhythm is modulated in
vivo by cholinergic innervation from the basal forebrain and
can be generated in vitro after exogenous cholinergic
stimulation. Using the isolated guinea pig brain, an in
vitro preparation that allows for the study of an intact
cerebrum, we studied the spatial features of activity evoked by the
cholinomimetic carbachol (CCh) in the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC).
activity induced by either arterial perfusion or intraparenchymal
application of CCh showed a phase reversal across mEC layer II and was
reduced or abolished in a spatially localized region by focal infusions
of atropine, bicuculline, and CNQX. In addition, a spatially restricted
zone of activity could be induced by passive diffusion of CCh from
a recording pipette. Finally, oscillations recorded at multiple
sites across the surface of the mEC using array electrodes during
arterial perfusion of CCh demonstrated a decline in synchronization
(coherence) as the interelectrode distance increased. This effect was
independent of the signal amplitude and was specific for as opposed
to theta-like activity induced by CCh in the same experiments.
These results suggest that CCh-induced oscillations in the mEC are
mediated through direct muscarinic excitation of a highly localized
reciprocal inhibitory-excitatory network located in superficial
layers. We propose that functional cortical modules of highly
synchronous oscillations may organize incoming (cortical) and
outgoing (hippocampal) information in the mEC.
Key words:
rhythm; 40 Hz oscillation; synchrony; muscarinic; entorhinal cortex; perforant path; limbic system; inhibitory
interneuron; GABA; integration; , binding; memory
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20207846-09$05.00/0
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