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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 2000, 20(21):7972-7977
Constitutive Endocytosis of GABAA Receptors by an
Association with the Adaptin AP2 Complex Modulates Inhibitory Synaptic
Currents in Hippocampal Neurons
Josef T.
Kittler1,
Patrick
Delmas2,
Jasmina N.
Jovanovic1,
David A.
Brown2,
Trevor G.
Smart3, and
Stephen J.
Moss1
Department of Pharmacology, 1 Medical Research Council
Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and 2 Wellcome
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, University College London,
London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, and 3 Department of
Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
Type A GABA receptors (GABAA) mediate the
majority of fast synaptic inhibition in the brain and are believed to
be predominantly composed of , , and subunits. Although
changes in cell surface GABAA receptor number have been
postulated to be of importance in modulating inhibitory synaptic
transmission, little is currently known on the mechanism used by
neurons to modify surface receptor levels at inhibitory synapses. To
address this issue, we have studied the cell surface expression and
maintenance of GABAA receptors. Here we show that
constitutive internalization of GABAA receptors in
hippocampal neurons and recombinant receptors expressed in A293 cells
is mediated by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Furthermore, we identify
an interaction between the GABAA receptor and subunits with the adaptin complex AP2, which is critical for the recruitment of integral membrane proteins into clathrin-coated pits.
GABAA receptors also colocalize with AP2 in cultured
hippocampal neurons. Finally, blocking clathrin-dependant endocytosis
with a peptide that disrupts the association between amphiphysin and dynamin causes a large sustained increase in the amplitude of miniature
IPSCs in cultured hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that
GABAA receptors cycle between the synaptic membrane and
intracellular sites, and their association with AP2 followed by
recruitment into clathrin-coated pits represents an important mechanism
in the postsynaptic modulation of inhibitory synaptic transmission.
Key words:
GABAA receptor; endocytosis; clathrin; adaptin; mIPSC; AP2; dynamin
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20217972-06$05.00/0
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