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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2000, 20(22):8410-8416

Corticolimbic Interactions Associated with Performance on a Short-Term Memory Task Are Modified by Age

Valeria Della-Maggiore¹, Allison B. Sekuler², Cheryl L. Grady¹, Patrick J. Bennett², Robert Sekuler³, and Anthony R. McIntosh¹

¹ Rotman Research Institute of Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada, ² Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2G3, Canada, and ³ Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts

Aging has been associated with a decline in memory abilities dependent on hippocampal processing. We investigated whether the functional interactions between the hippocampus and related cortical areas were modified by age. Young and old subjects' brain activity was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) while they performed a short-term memory task (delayed visual discrimination) in which they determined which of two successively presented sine-wave gratings had the highest spatial frequency. Behavioral performance was equal for the two groups. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis of PET images identified a hippocampal voxel whose activity was similarly correlated with performance across groups. Using this voxel as a seed, a second PLS analysis identified cortical regions functionally connected to the hippocampus. Quantification of the neural interactions with structural equation modeling suggested that a different hippocampal network supported performance in the elderly. Unlike the neural network engaged by the young, which included prefrontal cortex Brodmann's area (BA) 10, fusiform gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus, the network recruited by the old included more anterior areas, i.e., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 9/46), middle cingulate gyrus, and caudate nucleus. Recruitment of a distinct corticolimbic network for visual memory in the elderly suggests that age-related neurobiological deterioration not only results in focal changes but also in the modification of large-scale network operations.

Key words: aging; functional connectivity; hippocampus; partial least squares; short-term memory; structural equation modeling; visual memory; plasticity

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Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/00/20228410-07$05.00/0

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