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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 2000, 20(23):8954-8964
The Effect of Lesions of the Insular Cortex on Instrumental
Conditioning: Evidence for a Role in Incentive Memory
Bernard W.
Balleine1 and
Anthony
Dickinson2
1 Department of Psychology, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, and
2 Department of Experimental Psychology, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
In three experiments, we assessed the effect of lesions aimed at
the gustatory region of the insular cortex on instrumental conditioning
in rats. In experiment 1, the lesion had no effect on the
acquisition of either lever pressing or chain pulling in food-deprived
rats whether these actions earned food pellets or a maltodextrin
solution. The lesion did, however, attenuate the impact of outcome
devaluation, induced by sensory-specific satiety, on instrumental
performance but only when assessed in an extinction test. This effect
was not secondary to an impairment in instrumental learning; in
experiment 2, no evidence was found to suggest that the lesioned rats
differed from shams in their ability to encode the specific
action-outcome contingencies to which they were exposed during
training. In experiment 3, however, lesioned rats were found to be
insensitive to the impact of an incentive learning treatment conducted
when they were undeprived; although, again, this deficit was confined
to a test conducted in extinction. These results are consistent with
the view that, in instrumental conditioning, the gustatory region of
the insular cortex is involved in encoding the taste of food outcomes
in memory and, hence, in encoding the incentive value assigned to these
outcomes on the basis of prevailing motivational conditions.
Key words:
instrumental conditioning; gustatory cortex; insular
cortex; devaluation; sensory-specific satiety; incentive learning; contingency; motivation; reward
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20238954-11$05.00/0
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