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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 2000, 20(3):1085-1095
Separate Proliferation Kinetics of Fibroblast Growth
Factor-Responsive and Epidermal Growth Factor-Responsive Neural
Stem Cells within the Embryonic Forebrain Germinal Zone
David J.
Martens,
Vincent
Tropepe, and
Derek
van der Kooy
University of Toronto, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
The embryonic forebrain germinal zone contains two separate and
additive populations of epidermal growth factor (EGF)- and fibroblast
growth factor (FGF)-responsive stem cells that both exhibit
self-renewal and multipotentiality. Although cumulative S phase
labeling studies have investigated the proliferation kinetics of the
overall population of precursor cells within the forebrain germinal
zone through brain development, little is known about when and how
(symmetrically or asymmetrically) the small subpopulations of stem
cells are proliferating in vivo. This has been
determined by injecting timed-pregnant mice with high doses of
tritiated thymidine (3H-thy) to kill any stem cells
proliferating within the striatal germinal zone in vivo
and then by assaying for neurosphere formation in vitro.
Injections of 0.8 mCi of 3H-thy given every 2 hr for 12 hr
to timed-pregnant mice at E11, E14, and E17 resulted in significant
depletions in the number of neurospheres generated by FGF-responsive
stem cells at E11 and by EGF-responsive and FGF-responsive stem cells
at E14 and E17. With increasing embryonic age, the depletions observed
in the number of neurospheres generated in vitro in
response to FGF2 after exposure to 3H-thy in
vivo decreased, suggesting there is an increase in the length
of the cell cycle of FGF-responsive neural stem cells through embryonic
development. The results suggest that the FGF-responsive stem cell
population expands between E11 and E14 by dividing symmetrically, but
switches to primarily asymmetric division between E14 and E17. The
EGF-responsive stem cells arise after E11, and their population expands
through symmetric divisions and through asymmetric divisions of
FGF-responsive stem cells.
Key words:
stem cells; cell cycle; symmetric divisions; asymmetric
divisions; 3H-thymidine; embryonic forebrain
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/2031085-11$05.00/0
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