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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 2000, 20(3):986-991
Role of Circadian Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
in Chick Pineal Clock Oscillation
Kamon
Sanada,
Yuichiro
Hayashi,
Yuko
Harada,
Toshiyuki
Okano, and
Yoshitaka
Fukada
Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of
Science, The University of Tokyo and CREST, Japan Science and
Technology Corporation, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
A circadian pacemaker generates a rhythm with a period of ~24 hr
even in the absence of environmental time cues. Several photosensitive neuronal tissues such as the retina and pineal gland contain the autonomous circadian pacemaker together with the photic-input pathway
responsible for entrainment of the pacemaker to the daily light/dark
cycle. We show here that, in constant darkness, chick pineal
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) exhibited an in vivo circadian rhythm in tyrosine phosphorylation and in
enzymatic activity with a peak during subjective night. Phosphorylated
and hence activated MAPK was rapidly dephosphorylated after light illumination during the nighttime when light induces a phase-shift of
the pacemaker. The circadian rhythmicity in MAPK phosphorylation was
also observed in the cultured pineal gland, and importantly, MAPK
kinase inhibitor treatment during subjective night not only shifted the
time-of-peak of MAPK phosphorylation but also induced a remarkable
phase-delay of the circadian pacemaker. These results indicate an
important role of MAPK for time keeping in circadian clock systems.
Key words:
circadian rhythm; pineal gland; tyrosine phosphorylation; mitogen-activated protein kinase; chick
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/203986-06$05.00/0
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