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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 15, 2000, 20(4):1435-1445
Intercellular Communication in Spinal Cord Astrocytes: Fine
Tuning between Gap Junctions and P2 Nucleotide Receptors in Calcium
Wave Propagation
Eliana
Scemes1,
Sylvia
O.
Suadicani1, 2, and
David C.
Spray1
1 Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein
College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, and
2 University Sao Judas Tadeu, Sao Paulo, SP,
Brazil
Electrophysiological properties of gap junction channels and
mechanisms involved in the propagation of intercellular calcium waves
were studied in cultured spinal cord astrocytes from sibling wild-type
(WT) and connexin43 (Cx43) knock-out (KO) mice. Comparison of the
strength of coupling between pairs of WT and Cx43 KO spinal cord
astrocytes indicates that two-thirds of total coupling is attributable
to channels formed by Cx43, with other connexins contributing the
remaining one-third of junctional conductance. Although such a
difference in junctional conductance was expected to result in the
reduced diffusion of signaling molecules through the Cx43 KO spinal
cord syncytium, intercellular calcium waves were found to propagate
with the same velocity and amplitude and to the same number of cells as
between WT astrocytes. Measurements of calcium wave propagation in the
presence of purinoceptor blockers indicate that calcium waves in Cx43
KO spinal cord astrocytes are mediated primarily by
extracellular diffusion of ATP; measurements of responses to
purinoceptor agonists revealed that the functional P2Y receptor subtype
is shifted in the Cx43 KO astrocytes, with a markedly potentiated
response to ATP and UTP. Thus, the reduction in gap junctional
communication in Cx43 KO astrocytes leads to an increase in autocrine
communication, which is a consequence of a functional switch in the P2Y
nucleotide receptor subtype. Intercellular communication via calcium
waves therefore is sustained in Cx43 null mice by a finely tuned
interaction between gap junction-dependent and independent mechanisms.
Key words:
glia; connexin; purinoceptor; calcium waves; spinal cord; connexin43; knock-out mice
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/2041435-11$05.00/0
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