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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 1, 2000, 20(9):3104-3114
Involvement of Retinoblastoma Family Members and E2F/DP Complexes in the Death of Neurons Evoked by DNA Damage
David S. Park1, 4, Erick J. Morris2, Rod Bremner3, Elizabeth Keramaris1, Jaya Padmanabhan4, Michele Rosenbaum4, Michael L. Shelanski4, Herbert M. Geller2, and Lloyd A. Greene4 1 Neuroscience Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada, 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, 3 Eye Research Institute of Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada, and 4 Department of Pathology and Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
Neuronal death evoked by DNA damage requires cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) and 6 activity and is accompanied by elevation of cyclin D1-associated kinase activity. Because Cdk4/6 phosphorylates retinoblastoma protein (pRb) family members that then modulate the transcriptional activity of E2F/DP1 complexes, we examined the involvement of these components in DNA damage-evoked neuronal death. Camptothecin induced rapid pRb and p107 phosphorylation at a Cdk4/6 phosphorylation site followed by selective loss of Rb and p107. The CDK inhibitor flavopiridol suppressed pRb and p107 phosphorylation and loss, implicating CDK activity in these events. Moreover, the loss of pRb and p107 appeared to be mediated by caspases because it was blocked by general caspase inhibitors. The role of phosphorylation and pRb and p107 loss in the death pathway was indicated by observations that virally mediated expression of pRb mutated at sites of phosphorylation, including the Cdk4/6 site, inhibited death. Finally, expression of dominant-negative versions of DP1, known to compromise E2F transcriptional activity, protects cortical neurons from death induced by camptothecin and sympathetic neurons from death evoked by UV treatment. Taken together, these results implicate the CDK-pRb/E2F/DP pathway as a required element in the neuronal death evoked by DNA damage.
Key words: apoptosis; pRb; E2F; DP1; neuronal; cyclin
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/2093104-11$05.00/0
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