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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 1, 2001, 21(1):53-58
The Rpe65 Leu450Met Variation Increases Retinal
Resistance Against Light-Induced Degeneration by Slowing Rhodopsin
Regeneration
Andreas
Wenzel1,
Charlotte E.
Remé1,
Theodore P.
Williams2,
Farhad
Hafezi1, and
Christian
Grimm1
1 Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Department of
Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zürich, CH-8091 Zürich,
Switzerland, and 2 Biological Sciences, 212-Biomedical
Research Facility, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306
Excessive light can cause retinal degeneration and may be an
environmental cofactor accelerating retinal dystrophies and age-related diseases. In rodent models, the light damage susceptibility (LDS) of
the retina is determined genetically. In two mouse strains, with
different degrees of LDS, a Leu450Met variation in the pigment epithelial protein RPE65 was shown recently to cosegregate with low
LDS. Because light damage is rhodopsin-mediated, and RPE65 is essential
for the regeneration of rhodopsin in the visual cycle, we analyzed this
variation regarding rhodopsin metabolism and LDS in four mouse strains.
We found that, in contrast to previous assertions, LDS does not
correlate with the maximal retinal content of rhodopsin present after
dark adaptation. Instead, LDS correlated positively with the kinetics
of rhodopsin regeneration, which determine rhodopsin availability
during light exposure. Light damage occurred after absorption of a
threshold dose of photons and thus fast regeneration, as observed in
those two strains having Leu at position 450 of RPE65, was correlated
with the occurrence of photoreceptor apoptosis after short exposure. In
contrast, mice with the Leu450Met variation of Rpe65
regenerated rhodopsin with slow kinetics and showed an increased
resistance to light-induced retinal degeneration. In these mice, RPE65
protein levels were reduced by a post-transcriptional mechanism.
F1 hybrid mice, carrying one normal and one variant
Rpe65 gene, had intermediate levels of the corresponding
protein and showed intermediate rhodopsin regeneration kinetics and an
intermediate LDS. Thus, none of the two variants of Rpe65
had a dominant effect.
Key words:
retinal degeneration; light damage; photoreceptor; pigment epithelium; rhodopsin; RPE65
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21153-06$05.00/0
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