 |
 Previous Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2001, 21(11):4116-4124
Amygdalar NMDA Receptors Are Critical for the Expression
of Multiple Conditioned Fear Responses
Hongjoo J.
Lee1,
June-Seek
Choi1,
Thomas H.
Brown1, 2, 3, and
Jeansok J.
Kim1, 3
Departments of 1 Psychology and 2 Cellular
and Molecular Physiology, and 3 Interdepartmental
Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
06520-8205
There is conflicting evidence regarding the issue of whether NMDA
receptors in the basolateral amygdalar complex (BLA) are critically
involved in the expression of conditioned fear. This matter was
addressed by infusing the rat BLA with
D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV), a competitive
NMDA receptor antagonist. APV infusion into the BLA was reported to
block the expression of conditioned fear when measured by freezing but
not when measured by fear-potentiated startle response to a loud noise.
To examine this issue further, here we used multiple indices of
conditioned fear, including analgesia, 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalization
(USV), defecation, and freezing. Rats with bilateral BLA cannula
implants underwent fear conditioning consisting of 10 tone-footshock
pairings. Before context and tone fear-retention tests, animals
received intra-BLA infusions with APV (2.5 µg/side) or artificial
CSF. Both tone and context tests demonstrated that the
expression of conditioned freezing, USV, defecation, and analgesia were
significantly impaired by intra-amygdalar infusions of APV. In a second
set of experiments, intra-BLA infusions of APV markedly impaired the
normal expression of postshock fear responses during training, as
measured by freezing, USV, and defecation. Immediate postshock fear
expression was predictive of subsequent fear retention to the tone and
context when the animals were not infused. These results are consistent
with the hypothesis that amygdalar NMDA receptors participate in normal
synaptic transmission and therefore the overall functioning of the amygdala.
Key words:
learning; memory; amygdala; LTP; fear conditioning; synaptic plasticity; emotion
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21114116-09$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
V. Laurent and R. F. Westbrook
Role of the basolateral amygdala in the reinstatement and extinction of fear responses to a previously extinguished conditioned stimulus
Learn. Mem.,
February 13, 2010;
17(2):
86 - 96.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Park and J.-S. Choi
Long-term synaptic changes in two input pathways into the lateral nucleus of the amygdala underlie fear extinction
Learn. Mem.,
February 9, 2010;
17(1):
23 - 34.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Laurent and R. F. Westbrook
Infusion of the NMDA receptor antagonist, DL-APV, into the basolateral amygdala disrupts learning to fear a novel and a familiar context as well as relearning to fear an extinguished context
Learn. Mem.,
January 9, 2009;
16(1):
96 - 105.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miwa, M. Fukaya, A. M. Watabe, M. Watanabe, and T. Manabe
Functional contributions of synaptically localized NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptor to synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation in the adult mouse CNS
J. Physiol.,
May 15, 2008;
586(10):
2539 - 2550.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Laurent, A. R. Marchand, and R. F. Westbrook
The basolateral amygdala is necessary for learning but not relearning extinction of context conditioned fear
Learn. Mem.,
May 5, 2008;
15(5):
304 - 314.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Walker and M. Davis
Amygdala infusions of an NR2B-selective or an NR2A-preferring NMDA receptor antagonist differentially influence fear conditioning and expression in the fear-potentiated startle test
Learn. Mem.,
January 28, 2008;
15(2):
67 - 74.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C. Furtak, T. A. Allen, and T. H. Brown
Single-Unit Firing in Rat Perirhinal Cortex Caused by Fear Conditioning to Arbitrary and Ecological Stimuli
J. Neurosci.,
November 7, 2007;
27(45):
12277 - 12291.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Knapska, K. Radwanska, T. Werka, and L. Kaczmarek
Functional Internal Complexity of Amygdala: Focus on Gene Activity Mapping After Behavioral Training and Drugs of Abuse
Physiol Rev,
October 1, 2007;
87(4):
1113 - 1173.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. C. Lee, A. L. Milton, and B. J. Everitt
Reconsolidation and Extinction of Conditioned Fear: Inhibition and Potentiation
J. Neurosci.,
September 27, 2006;
26(39):
10051 - 10056.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Walker, G. Y. Paschall, and M. Davis
Glutamate receptor antagonist infusions into the basolateral and medial amygdala reveal differential contributions to olfactory vs. context fear conditioning and expression
Learn. Mem.,
March 1, 2005;
12(2):
120 - 129.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Kim, J. W. Koo, H. J. Lee, and J.-S. Han
Amygdalar Inactivation Blocks Stress-Induced Impairments in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Spatial Memory
J. Neurosci.,
February 9, 2005;
25(6):
1532 - 1539.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Koo, J.-S. Han, and J. J. Kim
Selective Neurotoxic Lesions of Basolateral and Central Nuclei of the Amygdala Produce Differential Effects on Fear Conditioning
J. Neurosci.,
September 1, 2004;
24(35):
7654 - 7662.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Malkani, K. J. Wallace, M. P. Donley, and J. B. Rosen
An egr-1 (zif268) Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Infused Into the Amygdala Disrupts Fear Conditioning
Learn. Mem.,
September 1, 2004;
11(5):
617 - 624.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Holahan and N. M. White
Intra-Amygdala Muscimol Injections Impair Freezing and Place Avoidance in Aversive Contextual Conditioning
Learn. Mem.,
July 1, 2004;
11(4):
436 - 446.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Lee and J. J. Kim
Differential Effects of Cerebellar, Amygdalar, and Hippocampal Lesions on Classical Eyeblink Conditioning in Rats
J. Neurosci.,
March 31, 2004;
24(13):
3242 - 3250.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Tinsley, J. J. Quinn, and M. S. Fanselow
The Role of Muscarinic and Nicotinic Cholinergic Neurotransmission in Aversive Conditioning: Comparing Pavlovian Fear Conditioning and Inhibitory Avoidance
Learn. Mem.,
January 1, 2004;
11(1):
35 - 42.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Zinebi, J. Xie, J. Liu, R. T. Russell, J. P. Gallagher, M. G. McKernan, and P. Shinnick-Gallagher
NMDA Currents and Receptor Protein Are Downregulated in the Amygdala during Maintenance of Fear Memory
J. Neurosci.,
November 12, 2003;
23(32):
10283 - 10291.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. SAH, E. S. L. FABER, M. LOPEZ DE ARMENTIA, and J. POWER
The Amygdaloid Complex: Anatomy and Physiology
Physiol Rev,
July 1, 2003;
83(3):
803 - 834.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Savonenko, T. Werka, E. Nikolaev, K. Zielinski, and L. Kaczmarek
Complex Effects of NMDA Receptor Antagonist APV in the Basolateral Amygdala on Acquisition of Two-Way Avoidance Reaction and Long-Term Fear Memory
Learn. Mem.,
July 1, 2003;
10(4):
293 - 303.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Catherall
How Fear Differs From Anxiety
Traumatology,
June 1, 2003;
9(2):
76 - 92.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Santini, R. U. Muller, and G. J. Quirk
Consolidation of Extinction Learning Involves Transfer from NMDA-Independent to NMDA-Dependent Memory
J. Neurosci.,
November 15, 2001;
21(22):
9009 - 9017.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. T. Blair, G. E. Schafe, E. P. Bauer, S. M. Rodrigues, and J. E. LeDoux
Synaptic Plasticity in the Lateral Amygdala: A Cellular Hypothesis of Fear Conditioning
Learn. Mem.,
September 1, 2001;
8(5):
229 - 242.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Rodrigues, G. E. Schafe, and J. E. LeDoux
Intra-Amygdala Blockade of the NR2B Subunit of the NMDA Receptor Disrupts the Acquisition But Not the Expression of Fear Conditioning
J. Neurosci.,
September 1, 2001;
21(17):
6889 - 6896.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Fendt
Injections of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Aminophosphonopentanoic Acid into the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Block the Expression of Fear-Potentiated Startle and Freezing
J. Neurosci.,
June 1, 2001;
21(11):
4111 - 4115.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
