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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 1, 2001, 21(13):4931-4941
Distribution of Gustatory Sensitivities in Rat Taste Cells:
Whole-Cell Responses to Apical Chemical Stimulation
Timothy A.
Gilbertson1,
John D.
Boughter Jr2,
Huai
Zhang1, and
David V.
Smith2
1 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana
State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808-4124, and
2 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology and Program in
Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland 21201-1509
Several taste transduction mechanisms have been demonstrated in
mammals, but little is known about their distribution within and across
receptor cells. We recorded whole-cell responses of 120 taste cells of
the rat fungiform papillae and soft palate maintained within the
intact epithelium in a modified Ussing chamber, which allowed us
to flow tastants across the apical membrane while monitoring the
activity of the cell with a patch pipette. Taste stimuli were: 0.1 M sucrose, KCl, and NH4Cl, 0.032 M
NaCl, and 3.2 mM HCl and quinine hydrochloride (QHCl). When
cells were held at their resting potentials, taste stimulation resulted
in conductance changes; reversible currents >5 pA were considered
reliable responses. Sucrose and QHCl produced a decrease in outward
current and membrane conductance, whereas NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl,
and HCl elicited inward currents accompanied by increased conductance.
Combinations of responses to pairs of the four basic stimuli (sucrose,
NaCl, HCl, and QHCl) across the 71-84 cells tested with each pair were
predictable from the probabilities of responses to individual stimuli,
indicating an independent distribution of sensitivities. Of 62 cells
tested with all four basic stimuli, 59 responded to at least one of the stimuli; 16 of these (27.1%) responded to only one, 20 (33.9%) to
two, 15 (25.4%) to three, and 8 (13.6%) to all of the basic stimuli.
Cells with both inward (Na+) and outward
(K+) voltage-activated currents were significantly
more broadly tuned to gustatory stimuli than those with only inward currents.
Key words:
taste receptor cell; tongue epithelium; palate
epithelium; gustatory sensitivity; breadth of tuning; sucrose; quinine; salt; acid; pattern coding
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21134931-11$05.00/0
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