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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 15, 2001, 21(16):6245-6251
Remodeling of Synaptic Membranes after Induction of Long-Term
Potentiation
Nicolas
Toni,
Pierre-Alain
Buchs,
Irina
Nikonenko,
Patrisia
Povilaitite,
Lorena
Parisi, and
Dominique
Muller
Neuropharmacology, University Medical Center, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
Several morphological changes of synapses have been reported to be
associated with the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the
CA1 hippocampus, including an transient increase in the proportion of
synapses with perforated postsynaptic densities (PSDs) and a later
occurrence of multiple spine boutons (MSBs) in which the two spines
arise from the same dendrite. To investigate the functional
significance of these modifications, we analyzed single sections and
reconstructed 134 synapses labeled via activity using a calcium
precipitation approach. Analyses of labeled spine profiles showed
changes of the spine head area, PSD length, and proportion of spine
profiles containing a coated vesicle that reflected variations in the
relative proportion of different types of synapses. Three-dimensional
reconstruction indicated that the increase of perforated spine profiles
observed 30 min after LTP induction essentially resulted from synapses
exhibiting segmented, completely partitioned PSDs. These synapses had
spine head and PSD areas approximately three times larger than those of
simple synapses. They contained coated vesicles in a much higher
proportion than that of any other type of synapse and exhibited large
spinules associated with the PSD. Also the MSBs with two spines arising from the same dendrite that were observed 1-2 hr after LTP induction included a spine that was smaller and a PSD that was smaller than those
of simple synapses. These results support the idea that LTP induction
is associated with an enhanced recycling of synaptic membrane and that
this process could underlie the formation of synapses with segmented
PSDs and eventually result in the formation of a new, immature spine.
Key words:
morphology; postsynaptic density; coated vesicles; plasticity; hippocampus; rat
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21166245-07$05.00/0
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