 |
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 2001, 21(17):6666-6672
Three-Dimensional Comparison of Ultrastructural Characteristics at Depressing and Facilitating Synapses onto Cerebellar Purkinje Cells
Matthew A. Xu-Friedman1, Kristen M. Harris2, and Wade G. Regehr1 1 Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and 2 Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
Cerebellar Purkinje cells receive two distinctive types of excitatory inputs. Climbing fiber (CF) synapses have a high probability of release and show paired-pulse depression (PPD), whereas parallel fiber (PF) synapses facilitate and have a low probability of release. We examined both types of synapses using serial electron microscopic reconstructions in 15-d-old rats to look for anatomical correlates of these differences. PF and CF synapses were distinguishable by their overall ultrastructural organization. There were differences between PF and CF synapses in how many release sites were within 1 µm of a mitochondrion (67 vs 84%) and in the degree of astrocytic ensheathment (67 vs 94%). However, the postsynaptic density sizes for both types of synapses were similar (0.13-0.14 µm2). For both types of synapses, we counted the number of docked vesicles per release site to test whether this number determines the probability of release and synaptic plasticity. PF and CF synapses had the same number of anatomically docked vesicles (7-8). The number of docked vesicles at the CF does not support a simple model of PPD in which release of a single vesicle during the first pulse depletes the anatomically docked vesicle pool at a synapse. Alternatively, only a fraction of anatomically docked vesicles may be release ready, or PPD could result from multivesicular release at each site. Similarities in the number of docked vesicles for PF and CF synapses indicate that differences in probability of release are unrelated to the number of anatomically docked vesicles at these synapses.
Key words: climbing fiber; parallel fiber; probability of release; docked vesicles; electron microscope; serial reconstruction
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21176666-07$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
M. Hammarlund, S. Watanabe, K. Schuske, and E. M. Jorgensen
CAPS and syntaxin dock dense core vesicles to the plasma membrane in neurons
J. Cell Biol., February 6, 2008; 180(3): 483 - 491.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. K. Murai and D. J. Van Meyel
Neuron Glial Communication at Synapses: Insights From Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Neuroscientist, December 1, 2007; 13(6): 657 - 666.
[Abstract] [PDF]
A. Rollenhagen, K. Satzler, E. P. Rodriguez, P. Jonas, M. Frotscher, and J. H. R. Lubke
Structural Determinants of Transmission at Large Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Synapses
J. Neurosci., September 26, 2007; 27(39): 10434 - 10444.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. D. Brenowitz and W. G. Regehr
Reliability and Heterogeneity of Calcium Signaling at Single Presynaptic Boutons of Cerebellar Granule Cells
J. Neurosci., July 25, 2007; 27(30): 7888 - 7898.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. J. Crowley, A. G. Carter, and W. G. Regehr
Fast Vesicle Replenishment and Rapid Recovery from Desensitization at a Single Synaptic Release Site
J. Neurosci., May 16, 2007; 27(20): 5448 - 5460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. Piet and C. E. Jahr
Glutamatergic and Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Calcium Transients in Bergmann Glial Cells
J. Neurosci., April 11, 2007; 27(15): 4027 - 4035.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Beierlein and W. G. Regehr
Brief bursts of parallel fiber activity trigger calcium signals in bergmann glia.
J. Neurosci., June 28, 2006; 26(26): 6958 - 6967.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. Virmani, D. Atasoy, and E. T. Kavalali
Synaptic vesicle recycling adapts to chronic changes in activity.
J. Neurosci., February 22, 2006; 26(8): 2197 - 2206.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. I. Wadiche, A. V. Tzingounis, and C. E. Jahr
Intrinsic kinetics determine the time course of neuronal synaptic transporter currents
PNAS, January 24, 2006; 103(4): 1083 - 1087.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. M. Christie and C. E. Jahr
Multivesicular Release at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Hippocampal Synapses
J. Neurosci., January 4, 2006; 26(1): 210 - 216.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. Matsui, C. E. Jahr, and M. E. Rubio
High-Concentration Rapid Transients of Glutamate Mediate Neural-Glial Communication via Ectopic Release
J. Neurosci., August 17, 2005; 25(33): 7538 - 7547.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. E. Sims and N. A. Hartell
Differences in Transmission Properties and Susceptibility to Long-Term Depression Reveal Functional Specialization of Ascending Axon and Parallel Fiber Synapses to Purkinje Cells
J. Neurosci., March 23, 2005; 25(12): 3246 - 3257.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. M. Young Jr.
Proteolysis of SNARE proteins alters facilitation and depression in a specific way
PNAS, February 15, 2005; 102(7): 2614 - 2619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
V. A. Ledoux and C. S. Woolley
Evidence That Disinhibition Is Associated with a Decrease in Number of Vesicles Available for Release at Inhibitory Synapses
J. Neurosci., January 26, 2005; 25(4): 971 - 976.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. Matsui and C. E. Jahr
Differential Control of Synaptic and Ectopic Vesicular Release of Glutamate
J. Neurosci., October 13, 2004; 24(41): 8932 - 8939.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Galante and M. A. Diana
Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Inhibit GABA Release at Interneuron-Purkinje Cell Synapses through Endocannabinoid Production
J. Neurosci., May 19, 2004; 24(20): 4865 - 4874.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Otsu, V. Shahrezaei, B. Li, L. A. Raymond, K. R. Delaney, and T. H. Murphy
Competition between Phasic and Asynchronous Release for Recovered Synaptic Vesicles at Developing Hippocampal Autaptic Synapses
J. Neurosci., January 14, 2004; 24(2): 420 - 433.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. A. XU-FRIEDMAN and W. G. REGEHR
Structural Contributions to Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity
Physiol Rev, January 1, 2004; 84(1): 69 - 85.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Muschol, P. Kosterin, M. Ichikawa, and B. M. Salzberg
Activity-Dependent Depression of Excitability and Calcium Transients in the Neurohypophysis Suggests a Model of "Stuttering Conduction"
J. Neurosci., December 10, 2003; 23(36): 11352 - 11362.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Li, W. Guido, and M. E. Bickford
Two Distinct Types of Corticothalamic EPSPs and Their Contribution to Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2003; 90(5): 3429 - 3440.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Wolfel and R. Schneggenburger
Presynaptic Capacitance Measurements and Ca2+ Uncaging Reveal Submillisecond Exocytosis Kinetics and Characterize the Ca2+ Sensitivity of Vesicle Pool Depletion at a Fast CNS Synapse
J. Neurosci., August 6, 2003; 23(18): 7059 - 7068.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. D. Brenowitz and W. G. Regehr
Calcium Dependence of Retrograde Inhibition by Endocannabinoids at Synapses onto Purkinje Cells
J. Neurosci., July 16, 2003; 23(15): 6373 - 6384.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Parker
Variable Properties in a Single Class of Excitatory Spinal Synapse
J. Neurosci., April 15, 2003; 23(8): 3154 - 3163.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. A. Xu-Friedman and W. G. Regehr
Ultrastructural Contributions to Desensitization at Cerebellar Mossy Fiber to Granule Cell Synapses
J. Neurosci., March 15, 2003; 23(6): 2182 - 2192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Bordey and H. Sontheimer
Modulation of Glutamatergic Transmission by Bergmann Glial Cells in Rat Cerebellum In Situ
J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2003; 89(2): 979 - 988.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. HU and B. DAVLETOV
SNAREs and control of synaptic release probabilities
FASEB J, February 1, 2003; 17(2): 130 - 135.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. Satzler, L. F. Sohl, J. H. Bollmann, J. G. G. Borst, M. Frotscher, B. Sakmann, and J. H. R. Lubke
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of a Calyx of Held and Its Postsynaptic Principal Neuron in the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body
J. Neurosci., December 15, 2002; 22(24): 10567 - 10579.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. G. Millar, H. Bradacs, M. P. Charlton, and H. L. Atwood
Inverse Relationship between Release Probability and Readily Releasable Vesicles in Depressing and Facilitating Synapses
J. Neurosci., November 15, 2002; 22(22): 9661 - 9667.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. Isope and B. Barbour
Properties of Unitary Granule Cellright-arrowPurkinje Cell Synapses in Adult Rat Cerebellar Slices
J. Neurosci., November 15, 2002; 22(22): 9668 - 9678.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. Fernandez-Chacon, O.-H. Shin, A. Konigstorfer, M. F. Matos, A. C. Meyer, J. Garcia, S. H. Gerber, J. Rizo, T. C. Sudhof, and C. Rosenmund
Structure/Function Analysis of Ca2+ Binding to the C2A Domain of Synaptotagmin 1
J. Neurosci., October 1, 2002; 22(19): 8438 - 8446.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. Ichikawa, T. Miyazaki, M. Kano, T. Hashikawa, H. Tatsumi, K. Sakimura, M. Mishina, Y. Inoue, and M. Watanabe
Distal Extension of Climbing Fiber Territory and Multiple Innervation Caused by Aberrant Wiring to Adjacent Spiny Branchlets in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells Lacking Glutamate Receptor delta 2
J. Neurosci., October 1, 2002; 22(19): 8487 - 8503.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. P. Lehre and D. A. Rusakov
Asymmetry of Glia near Central Synapses Favors Presynaptically Directed Glutamate Escape
Biophys. J., July 1, 2002; 83(1): 125 - 134.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
V. Scheuss, R. Schneggenburger, and E. Neher
Separation of Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Contributions to Depression by Covariance Analysis of Successive EPSCs at the Calyx of Held Synapse
J. Neurosci., February 1, 2002; 22(3): 728 - 739.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. Varoqui, M. K.-H. Schafer, H. Zhu, E. Weihe, and J. D. Erickson
Identification of the Differentiation-Associated Na+/PI Transporter as a Novel Vesicular Glutamate Transporter Expressed in a Distinct Set of Glutamatergic Synapses
J. Neurosci., January 1, 2002; 22(1): 142 - 155.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|