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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 2001, 21(17):6791-6801
Developmental Inhibitory Gate Controls the Relay of Activity to
the Superficial Layers of the Visual Cortex
Carlos
Rozas2,
Hosea
Frank1,
Arnold J.
Heynen1,
Bernardo
Morales2,
Mark F.
Bear1, and
Alfredo
Kirkwood2
1 Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical
Institute, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and
2 Mind Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218
A developmental reduction in the radial transmission of synaptic
activity has been proposed to underlie the end of the critical period
for experience-dependent modification in layers II/III of the visual
cortex. Using paired-pulse stimulation, we investigated in visual
cortical slices how the propagation of synaptic activity to the
superficial layers changes during development and how this process is
affected by sensory experience. The results can be summarized as
follows. (1) Layers II/III responses to repetitive stimulation of the
white matter become increasingly depressed between the third and sixth
week of postnatal development, a time course that parallels the end of
the critical period. (2) Paired-pulse depression is reduced after dark
rearing and also by blocking inhibitory synaptic transmission. (3)
Paired-pulse depression and its regulation by age and sensory
experience is more pronounced when stimulation is applied to the white
matter than when applied to layer IV. Together, these results are
consistent with the idea that the maturation of intracortical
inhibition reduces the capability of the cortex to relay incoming
high-frequency patterns of activity to the supragranular layers.
Key words:
critical period; plasticity; GABA; paired-pulse
depression; neocortex; layer IV
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21176791-11$05.00/0
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