WWW.JNEUROSCI.ORG
-
Life science instruments for behavioral neuroscience research
The Journal of Neuroscience
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     
-


HOME
  |  
SEARCH  |   ARCHIVE  |   SUBSCRIBE  |   CONTACT  |   HELP

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit an eLetter
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (47)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Müller, J. R.
Right arrow Articles by Lennie, P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Müller, J. R.
Right arrow Articles by Lennie, P.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 2001, 21(17):6978-6990

Information Conveyed by Onset Transients in Responses of Striate Cortical Neurons

James R. Müller1, Andrew B. Metha1, John Krauskopf2, and Peter Lennie1

1 Center for Visual Science and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, and 2 Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003

Normal eye movements ensure that the visual world is seen episodically, as a series of often stationary images. In this paper we characterize the responses of neurons in striate cortex to stationary grating patterns presented with abrupt onset. These responses are distinctive. In most neurons the onset of a grating gives rise to a transient discharge that decays with a time constant of 100 msec or less. The early stages of response have higher contrast gain and higher response gain than later stages. Moreover, the variability of discharge during the onset transient is disproportionately low. These factors together make the onset transient an information-rich component of response, such that the detectability and discriminability of stationary gratings grows rapidly to an early peak, within 150 msec of the onset of the response in most neurons. The orientation selectivity of neurons estimated from the first 150 msec of discharge to a stationary grating is indistinguishable from the orientation selectivity estimated from longer segments of discharge to moving gratings. Moving gratings are ultimately more detectable than stationary ones, because responses to the former are continuously renewed. The principal characteristics of the response of a neuron to a stationary grating---the initial high discharge rate, which decays rapidly, and the change of contrast gain with time---are well captured by a model in which each excitatory synaptic event leads to an immediate reduction in synaptic gain, from which recovery is slow.

Key words: visual cortex; striate cortex; detectability (d'); discriminability; variability; reliability; refractoriness; mean-to-variance ratio; contrast gain; gain control; orientation selectivity; synaptic depression


Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/01/21176978-13$05.00/0


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
K. Mirpour and H. Esteky
State-Dependent Effects of Stimulus Presentation Duration on the Temporal Dynamics of Neural Responses in the Inferotemporal Cortex of Macaque Monkeys
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2009; 102(3): 1790 - 1800.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
D. J. Tolhurst, D. Smyth, and I. D. Thompson
The Sparseness of Neuronal Responses in Ferret Primary Visual Cortex
J. Neurosci., February 25, 2009; 29(8): 2355 - 2370.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
M. A. Smith and A. Kohn
Spatial and Temporal Scales of Neuronal Correlation in Primary Visual Cortex
J. Neurosci., November 26, 2008; 28(48): 12591 - 12603.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
B. Zhang, E. L. Smith III, and Y. M. Chino
Postnatal Development of Onset Transient Responses in Macaque V1 and V2 Neurons
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2008; 100(3): 1476 - 1487.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Physiol.Home page
N. A. Crowder, M. A. Hietanen, N. S. C. Price, C. W. G. Clifford, and M. R. Ibbotson
Dynamic contrast change produces rapid gain control in visual cortex
J. Physiol., September 1, 2008; 586(17): 4107 - 4119.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
Y. Chen, W. S. Geisler, and E. Seidemann
Optimal Temporal Decoding of Neural Population Responses in a Reaction-Time Visual Detection Task
J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2008; 99(3): 1366 - 1379.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
C. Palmer, S.-Y. Cheng, and E. Seidemann
Linking Neuronal and Behavioral Performance in a Reaction-Time Visual Detection Task
J. Neurosci., July 25, 2007; 27(30): 8122 - 8137.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
P. E. Williams and R. M. Shapley
A Dynamic Nonlinearity and Spatial Phase Specificity in Macaque V1 Neurons
J. Neurosci., May 23, 2007; 27(21): 5706 - 5718.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
O. Ruksenas, A. Bulatov, and P. Heggelund
Dynamics of Spatial Resolution of Single Units in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of Cat During Brief Visual Stimulation
J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1445 - 1456.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
B. C. Motter
Modulation of transient and sustained response components of V4 neurons by temporal crowding in flashed stimulus sequences.
J. Neurosci., September 20, 2006; 26(38): 9683 - 9694.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. V. Giannikopoulos and U. T. Eysel
Dynamics and specificity of cortical map reorganization after retinal lesions
PNAS, July 11, 2006; 103(28): 10805 - 10810.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Amarasingham, T.-L. Chen, S. Geman, M. T. Harrison, and D. L. Sheinberg
Spike Count Reliability and the Poisson Hypothesis
J. Neurosci., January 18, 2006; 26(3): 801 - 809.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
X. Huang and M. A. Paradiso
Background Changes Delay Information Represented in Macaque V1 Neurons
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2005; 94(6): 4314 - 4330.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
X. Huang, S. Blau, and M. A. Paradiso
Background Changes Delay the Perceptual Availability of Form Information
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2005; 94(6): 4331 - 4343.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. Hegde and D. C. Van Essen
Temporal Dynamics of Shape Analysis in Macaque Visual Area V2
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2004; 92(5): 3030 - 3042.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
P. Cao, Y. Gu, and S.-R. Wang
Visual Neurons in the Pigeon Brain Encode the Acceleration of Stimulus Motion
J. Neurosci., September 1, 2004; 24(35): 7690 - 7698.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
R. A. Frazor, D. G. Albrecht, W. S. Geisler, and A. M. Crane
Visual Cortex Neurons of Monkeys and Cats: Temporal Dynamics of the Spatial Frequency Response Function
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2004; 91(6): 2607 - 2627.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
L. C. Osborne, W. Bialek, and S. G. Lisberger
Time Course of Information about Motion Direction in Visual Area MT of Macaque Monkeys
J. Neurosci., March 31, 2004; 24(13): 3210 - 3222.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
B. J. A. Palanca and G. C. DeAngelis
Macaque Middle Temporal Neurons Signal Depth in the Absence of Motion
J. Neurosci., August 20, 2003; 23(20): 7647 - 7658.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. R. Muller, A. B. Metha, J. Krauskopf, and P. Lennie
Local Signals From Beyond the Receptive Fields of Striate Cortical Neurons
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2003; 90(2): 822 - 831.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
D. L. Ringach, M. J. Hawken, and R. Shapley
Dynamics of Orientation Tuning in Macaque V1: The Role of Global and Tuned Suppression
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2003; 90(1): 342 - 352.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. J. DiCarlo and J. H. R. Maunsell
Anterior Inferotemporal Neurons of Monkeys Engaged in Object Recognition Can be Highly Sensitive to Object Retinal Position
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2003; 89(6): 3264 - 3278.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
T. Uka and G. C. DeAngelis
Contribution of Middle Temporal Area to Coarse Depth Discrimination: Comparison of Neuronal and Psychophysical Sensitivity
J. Neurosci., April 15, 2003; 23(8): 3515 - 3530.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurosci.Home page
M. Carandini, D. J Heeger, and W. Senn
A Synaptic Explanation of Suppression in Visual Cortex
J. Neurosci., November 15, 2002; 22(22): 10053 - 10065.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
I. Kagan, M. Gur, and D. M. Snodderly
Spatial Organization of Receptive Fields of V1 Neurons of Alert Monkeys: Comparison With Responses to Gratings
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2002; 88(5): 2557 - 2574.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Neurophysiol.Home page
D. G. Albrecht, W. S. Geisler, R. A. Frazor, and A. M. Crane
Visual Cortex Neurons of Monkeys and Cats: Temporal Dynamics of the Contrast Response Function
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2002; 88(2): 888 - 913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]



-
-

Home  |   Search  |   Archive  |   Subscribe  |   Contact  |   Help

-
Copyright 2009 by Society for Neuroscience ONLINE ISSN: 1529-2401
-