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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 1, 2001, 21(19):7439-7446
Differential Expression of Apoptotic Protease-Activating
Factor-1 and Caspase-3 Genes and Susceptibility to Apoptosis
during Brain Development and after Traumatic Brain Injury
Alexander G.
Yakovlev1,
Katsuya
Ota2,
Geping
Wang1,
Vilen
Movsesyan1,
Wei-Li
Bao1,
Koichiro
Yoshihara2, and
Alan I.
Faden1
1 Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University,
Washington, DC 20007, and 2 Department of Biochemistry,
Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
Neuronal apoptosis plays an essential role in early brain
development and contributes to secondary neuronal loss after acute brain injury. Recent studies have provided evidence that neuronal susceptibility to apoptosis induced by traumatic or ischemic injury decreases during brain development. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this age-dependent phenomenon remain unclear. Here we
demonstrate that, during brain maturation, the potential of the
intrinsic apoptotic pathway is progressively reduced and that such
repression is associated with downregulation of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and caspase-3 gene expression. A
similar decline in apoptotic susceptibility associated with downregulation of Apaf-1 expression as a function of developmental age
was also found in cultured primary rat cortical neurons. Injury-induced cytochrome c-specific cleavage of caspase-9 followed by
activation of caspase-3 in mature brain correlated with marked
increases in Apaf-1 and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression. These
results suggest that differential expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-3
genes may underlie regulation of apoptotic susceptibility during brain development, as well as after acute injury to mature brain, through the
intrinsic pathway of caspase activation.
Key words:
brain; development; injury; apoptosis; caspase; gene
expression; Apaf-1
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21197439-08$05.00/0
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