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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2001, 21(2):527-540
Mode and Tempo of Tangential Cell Migration in the Cerebellar External Granular Layer
Hitoshi Komuro1, 2, Ellada Yacubova1, Elina Yacubova1, and Pasko Rakic2 1 Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, and 2 Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
After their final mitosis, cerebellar granule cells remain in the external granular layer (EGL) for 20-48 hr before initiating their radial migration across the molecular layer (ML), but the significance of this latent period is not well understood. In the present study, we used a confocal microscope to examine morphogenetic changes and behavior of postmitotic granule cells restricted to the EGL in slice preparations of the postnatal mouse cerebellum. We found that, coincident with the extension of two uneven horizontal processes oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the folium, postmitotic granule cells start to migrate tangentially in the direction of the larger process. Interestingly, their morphology and the speed of cell movement change systematically with their position within the EGL. The rate of tangential cell movement is fastest (~14.8 µm/hr) in the middle of the EGL, when cells have two short horizontal processes. As granule cells elongate their somata and extend longer horizontal processes at the bottom of the EGL, they move at a reduced rate (~12.6 µm/hr). At the interface of the EGL and ML where cells migrate tangentially at the slowest rate (~4.1 µm/hr), their somata round and then begin to extend couples of the descending processes into the ML. After the stationary period, granule cells abruptly extend a single vertical process and initiate the transition from tangential to radial migration, reshaping their rounded somata into a vertically elongated spindle. These observations suggest that tangential migration of granule cells within the EGL may provide the developmental mechanisms for their appropriate allocation across parasagittal compartments of the expanding cerebellar cortex.
Key words: cerebellar development; granule cell; neuronal cell migration; confocal microscopy; brain slice preparation; fluorescent carbocyanine dye; rate of cell movement
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/212527-14$05.00/0
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