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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2001, 21(2):641-653
Distinct Localization of P2X Receptors at Excitatory Postsynaptic
Specializations
Maria E.
Rubio and
Florentina
Soto
Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals,
Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, D-37075
Göttingen, Germany
ATP mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission in some regions
of the central nervous system through activation of P2X receptors.
Nonetheless, the functional significance of ATP-mediated neurotransmission is not yet understood. Using postembedding
immunocytochemistry, we describe the distribution of
P2X2, P2X4, and P2X6
subunits in cerebellum and in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
Dendritic spines of cerebellar Purkinje cells showed immunogold
labeling for all three subunits when apposed to parallel fiber (PF)
terminals. In contrast, no immunogold labeling was observed on
dendritic spines or cell bodies receiving inputs from climbing fibers
and basket cells, respectively. In CA1 pyramidal cells, postsynaptic membranes apposed to terminals of Schaffer collaterals were
immunogold-labeled for P2X2,
P2X4, and P2X6 subunits. Immunolabeling
was also observed perisynaptically and intracellularly in relation to
membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. The analysis of the tangential
distribution of gold particles showed that they were preferentially
located at the peripheral portion of the postsynaptic specialization of both parallel fiber and Schaffer collateral synapses. By double imunogold labeling using antibodies for P2X receptor subunits and
GluR2/3 subunits of the AMPA glutamate receptors, we show that synapses
expressing P2X receptors are also glutamatergic. The present study
shows for the first time qualitatively and quantitatively the precise
localization of P2X receptors in brain. Moreover, our data indicate
that P2X receptors may play a significant role at glutamatergic synapses.
Key words:
ATP; P2X receptors; ligand-gated ion channels; excitatory
synapses; cerebellum; hippocampus; postembedding
immunocytochemistry
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/212641-13$05.00/0
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